{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T11:22:00Z","timestamp":1774696920658,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743984000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cathet Cardio Intervent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Continuous thermodilution quantifies absolute microvascular resistance (R\n \n \u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n , Wood units), a key metric of microvascular function. R\n \n \u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n is minimal during hyperemia (R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n ) with increased R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n suggestive of microvascular dysfunction. Bolus thermodilution measures the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), a dimensionless surrogate of R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims<\/jats:title>\n \n We compared R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n measured by continuous thermodilution (invasive R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n ) with the gold standard [\n 15<\/jats:sup>\n O]H\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O positron emission tomography (PET R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n ), and assessed the correlation between invasive R\n \n \u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n ,hyper\n <\/jats:sub>\n and IMR.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n First, the accuracy of invasive R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n was assessed in a cohort of 24 patients in which both invasive R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n and PET R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n were measured in the left anterior descending (LAD) and circumflex (LCX) arteries, corresponding to 46 measurements of R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n in total (LAD\u2009=\u200924, LCX\u2009=\u200922). Next, agreement between invasive R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n and IMR was evaluated in the LAD in a cohort of 250 patients with angina and non\u2010obstructive coronary arteries.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Invasive R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n exhibited a strong correlation with PET R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n (r\u2009=\u20090.86 [95% CI 0.76\u20130.92],\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001), with good absolute agreement (ICC 0.82 [95% CI 0.70\u20130.90],\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). Passing\u2010Bablok regression analysis found no significant systematic (intercept A: 54.53 [95% CI \u201018.95 to 120.96]) or proportional (slope B: 0.90 [95% CI 0.71\u20131.15]) bias between invasive R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n and PET R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n . However, invasive R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n exhibited no significant correlation with IMR (r\u2009=\u20090.11 [95% CI \u20100.01 to 0.23],\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.08).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Invasive R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n derived from continuous thermodilution exhibited excellent agreement with noninvasive R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n measured by [\n 15<\/jats:sup>\n O]H\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O PET, the current non\u2010invasive standard of reference. In contrast, IMR exhibited no significant correlation with invasive R\n \n \u03bc,hyper<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n in patients with angina and non\u2010obstructive coronary arteries.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.31515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T05:36:29Z","timestamp":1744090589000},"page":"128-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Minimal Microvascular Resistance: Agreement Between Continuous and Bolus Thermodilution"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0025-8162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thabo","family":"Mahendiran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic Aalst Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology Lausanne University Hospital Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dani\u00eblle","family":"Keulards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Catharina Hospital Eindhoven The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nico H. J.","family":"Pijls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Catharina Hospital Eindhoven The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Viscusi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic Aalst Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5519-2818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Gallinoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic Aalst Belgium"},{"name":"Department of University Cardiology IRCC Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio Hospital Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Bertolone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic Aalst Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Damman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Radboud Hospital Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"van Royen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Radboud Hospital Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Sonck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic Aalst Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Collet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic Aalst Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriaan","family":"Wilgenhof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic Aalst Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine Sapienza University Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8038-7898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Knaapen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Vrije Universiteit van Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"De Bruyne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic Aalst Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology Lausanne University Hospital Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","article-title":"ESC Guidelines for the Management of Chronic Coronary Syndromes: Developed by the Task Force for the Management of Chronic Coronary Syndromes of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Endorsed by the European Association for Cardio\u2010Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)","volume":"2024","author":"Vrints C.","year":"2024","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.121.316025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0000000000001082"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.03.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2018.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2023.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-22-00772"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.117.006194"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"1031","article-title":"Absolute Quantification of Myocardial Blood Flow With H215O and 3\u2010Dimensional PET: An Experimental Validation","volume":"43","author":"Sch\u00e4fers K. 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