{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T13:30:37Z","timestamp":1781530237337,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) has previously been used as an umbrella term to describe a spectrum of hypocomplementemic glomerular diseases, which are rare causes of end stage kidney disease (ESKD). We present a 22\u2010year\u2010old man with a well\u2010established medical history who had been complaining of 4\u2009days of frothy dark urine, bilateral lower limb swelling, and puffiness on his face. For a month before his presentation, he had many bilateral skin lesions on his lower limbs that were leaking pus. Aside from the scars from the prior skin lesions, he had no other significant medical history, and his examination revealed no abnormalities. His tests revealed nephrotic range proteinuria with a normal renal profile, low serum albumin with low C3 and normal C4, and negative antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) by ELISA. After preliminary studies, we concluded that the condition was infection\u2010related glomerulonephritis. Nevertheless, following renal biopsy, which revealed an MPGN pattern, and immunohistochemistry, which revealed a full house picture, we conducted a second ANA test using the more sensitive\/broader spectrum IFA hep2 cell test, which showed a coarse speckled nuclear pattern with a significant titer (1\/1000), as well as a negative line blot assay test using 15 distinct antigens. Following the modification of our diagnosis to lupus nephritis, the patient responded fairly well once we started him on an immunosuppressive drug. The patient was released from the hospital in a stable condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.70088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T03:43:43Z","timestamp":1736135023000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Case Report of Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis: Infection\u2010Related or Immune\u2010Related?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2804-1408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayman","family":"Azhary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences Omdurman Islamic University  Khartoum Sudan"},{"name":"Molecular Biology Unit Sirius Training and Research Centre  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Gezira  Gezira Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3717-1815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nooh Mohamed","family":"Hajhamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences Omdurman Islamic University  Khartoum Sudan"},{"name":"Molecular Biology Unit Sirius Training and Research Centre  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salahaldeen Ismail","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences Omdurman Islamic University  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6843-3361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nouh Saad","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Unit Sirius Training and Research Centre  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waleed Azhary Sir","family":"Alkhatim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Sinnar  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