{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T06:27:28Z","timestamp":1765261648308,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL), a rare aggressive B\u2010cell malignancy linked to HIV, is increasingly noted in extraoral sites beyond its traditional oral cavity presentation. This case report details a 48\u2010year\u2010old HIV\u2010positive woman with prior cerebral toxoplasmosis, presenting with facial swelling, pain, proptosis, and dysphagia despite antiretroviral therapy and cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (CD4 120 cells\/\u03bcL, suboptimal viral suppression). Imaging identified a sinonasal mass with nasopharyngeal involvement and lymphadenopathy, with immunohistochemistry confirming PBL (MUM1+, weakly CD79a+, CD20\u2010, CD138\u2010, EBER\u2010). Treatment comprised six cycles of dose\u2010adjusted EPOCH with bortezomib (1.3\u2009mg\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    on days 1, 8, 15), intrathecal prophylaxis, and supportive care for recurrent neutropenia, achieving a complete metabolic response on interim FDG\u2010PET\/CT after three cycles, with follow\u2010up CT showing pansinusitis. The patient is now eligible for autologous stem cell transplantation and consolidative radiotherapy, highlighting the diagnostic complexity of CD138\u2010negative extraoral PBL and the efficacy of bortezomib\u2010augmented EPOCH in this high\u2010risk case.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.71253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T03:36:57Z","timestamp":1762745817000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rare Extraoral Plasmablastic Lymphoma in the Context of\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    and Toxoplasmosis: A Detailed Case Analysis With Therapeutic Insights"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nima","family":"Alishavandi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxiofacial Surgery Shariati Hospital, Dental School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehrzad","family":"Kaviani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxiofacial Surgery Shariati Hospital, Dental School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyyed Taher","family":"Seyyed Mahmoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee Tabriz University of Medical Sciences  Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoudi Masoud","family":"Mortezazadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\u2010Oncology Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samira","family":"Farahmand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\u2010Oncology Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tahere","family":"Yousefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Amir Aalam Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20477724.2022.2083977"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jgo-21-779"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.4.1413"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23247096211065633"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000126781.87158.e3"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","article-title":"Plasmablastic Lymphoma: A Systematic Review","volume":"11","author":"Castillo J. 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