{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T02:03:21Z","timestamp":1787623401319,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The circumscribed choroidal hemangioma (CCH) is a benign congenital eye tumor whose etiology is not clear. A 41\u2010year\u2010old female patient came with a 2\u2010year history of slowly progressive deteriorating vision in her right eye. In the left eye, the best\u2010corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 6\/6, and counting fingers at 1\u2009m in the right eye. The wide\u2010field fundus showed a yellow macular lesion with indistinct limits, which is a sign of serous retinal detachment. B\u2010scan ultrasonography revealed a clear\u2010cut choroidal lesion, high internal reflectivity, and visible intrinsic vascularity on color Doppler. OCT has shown a massive choroidal mass with damaged RPE and outer retinal layers, which has been obscured by serous retinal detachment. The chest x\u2010ray revealed bronchiectatic opacities, the CT scan revealed no lung lesions, and LFTs and RFTs were normal. The fluorescein angiography revealed a choroidal hemangioma with early vascularity and late hyperfluorescence. Nonetheless, the retinal team chose the option of observation instead of TTT, radiotherapy, or verteporfin photodynamic therapy due to the closeness of the lesion to the macula, low visual acuity, and lack of verteporfin PDT in Pakistan. To sum up, the present case demonstrates the significance of multimodal imaging in the proper diagnosis of choroidal hemangiomas and the necessity to pay close attention to patient\u2010specific factors when making treatment decisions, especially in limited resource settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.71812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T17:54:39Z","timestamp":1767722079000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Beyond Treatment: The Strategy of Nonintervention in Choroidal Hemangioma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Humdan","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Sheffield  Sheffield South Yorkshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6878-2031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Shaheer Bin","family":"Faheem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery Karachi Institute of Medical Sciences, KIMS  Karachi Sindh Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hurmat","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Foundation University Medical College  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asfandyar","family":"Asghar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Fauji Foundation Hospital  Rawalpindi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Ali","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Sialkot Medical College  Sialkot Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Rehan","family":"Zahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Foundation University Medical College  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7588-585X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Tawassul","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Karachi Medical and Dental College, KMDC  Karachi Sindh Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izzah","family":"Shakkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical College  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2618-1211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Idrees","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Adam University School of Medicine  Bishkek Kyrgyzstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ohc.2004.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00055735-200306000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2018-313388"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","first-page":"862","article-title":"Clinical Experience With Presumed Hemangioma of the Choroid: Radioactive Phosphorus Uptake Studies as an Aid in Differential Diagnosis","volume":"81","author":"Jarrett W. 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