{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T23:43:27Z","timestamp":1769211807293,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Encephalomalacia, the irreversible loss of brain tissue following injury, is a well\u2010documented cause of post\u2010traumatic epilepsy, typically manifesting within the first year. However, delayed\u2010onset intractable epilepsy in young adults remains underrecognized. We present a case of a young female with bifrontal encephalomalacia secondary to a traumatic brain injury (TBI) six years prior who developed complex partial seizures progressing to intractable epilepsy. Electroencephalography (EEG) confirmed seizure activity predominantly from the right frontal lobe. Despite multiple anti\u2010seizure medications, the patient required intensive care management for refractory status epilepticus. This case highlights the potential for chronic epileptogenesis in TBI survivors, emphasizing the need for long\u2010term vigilance, strict medication adherence, and proactive follow\u2010up to optimize seizure control and prevent recurrence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.71830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T03:45:23Z","timestamp":1768189523000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["New\u2010Onset Complex Partial Seizures Progressing to Intractable Epilepsy in a Young Female With Bifrontal Encephalomalacia and a Remote History of Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9191-3880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrina J.","family":"Villegas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine St. Joseph's University Medical Center  Paterson New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aqsa","family":"Sorathia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine St. Joseph's University Medical Center  Paterson New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Salib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine St. Joseph's University Medical Center  Paterson New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Escobar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Library St. Joseph's University Medical Center  Paterson New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Conroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology St. Joseph's University Medical Center  Paterson New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1817\u20101745.159187"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415\u2010020\u201009926\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14733"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P.HarjpalandI.Qureshi \u201cEncephalomalacia in a Young Adult: A Rare Presentation \u201d(2023) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20944\/preprints202309.0612.v1.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202309.0612.v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ipj.ipj_19_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/2678379"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp\u20102012\u2010302547"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","volume-title":"Epilepsy After Traumatic Brain Injury","author":"Ding K.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Late\u2010Onset Post\u2010Traumatic Epilepsy: A Case Series and Review of the Literature","volume":"89","author":"Gupta A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","article-title":"Mechanisms of Epileptogenesis After Traumatic Brain Injury","volume":"768","author":"Pitk\u00e4nen A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.178"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.120.019539"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","article-title":"Structural Lesions and Drug\u2010Resistant Epilepsy: Case Series and Treatment Implications","volume":"167","author":"Das K.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsy Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","first-page":"760","article-title":"Post\u2010Stroke Epilepsy: A Comprehensive Review of Current Literature","volume":"131","author":"Z\u00f6llner J. P.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","article-title":"Surgery for Epilepsy","volume":"3","author":"West S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","first-page":"673","article-title":"Early Surgical Therapy for Drug\u2010Resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy","volume":"329","author":"Engel J.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","article-title":"Long\u2010Term Outcomes of Patients With Epilepsy due to Post\u2010Traumatic Encephalomalacia Undergoing Epilepsy Surgery","volume":"158","author":"Dredla B. K.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epilepsy Research"}],"container-title":["Clinical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ccr3.71830","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ccr3.71830","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ccr3.71830","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T07:16:47Z","timestamp":1769066207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ccr3.71830"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ccr3.71830"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ccr3.71830","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-0904","2050-0904"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-0904","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-0904","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-06-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71830"}}