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We report a case of severe diarrhea in a person with HIV where Gram stain findings prioritized cryptosporidium in the differential diagnosis. Multiplex PCR enabled early diagnosis and treatment, highlighting its value in clinical management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.72301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T04:51:23Z","timestamp":1773463883000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From Diagnostic Challenge to Clinical Success: Rapid Multiplex\n                    <scp>PCR<\/scp>\n                    Identification of Cryptosporidium in\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Associated Refractory Diarrhea: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yudai","family":"Kono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The University of Tokyo Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mayu","family":"Arase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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