{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T06:26:05Z","timestamp":1787120765291,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pediatric cholesteatoma is an aggressive but uncommon middle ear condition characterized by keratinizing squamous epithelium that can progressively erode adjacent structures. It is associated with faster bone destruction and higher recurrence rates in children than adults, and its symptoms often resemble chronic otitis media, which may delay diagnosis and treatment. A 4\u2010year\u2010old boy presented with persistent foul\u2010smelling otorrhea from the left ear and conductive hearing loss. Otoscopic examination revealed a retracted tympanic membrane with a whitish epitympanic mass. High\u2010resolution CT demonstrated soft\u2010tissue density in the middle ear with scutum erosion. The patient underwent canal wall\u2010up mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty, and intraoperative findings confirmed cholesteatoma with partial ossicular erosion. This case reflects the insidious clinical presentation of cholesteatoma and emphasizes that chronic otorrhea and unilateral hearing loss may indicate destructive middle ear disease rather than benign infection. Imaging plays a critical role in diagnosis and surgical planning, particularly in detecting bony erosion and disease extent. Maintaining a high index of suspicion for cholesteatoma in children with persistent discharge or unexplained conductive hearing loss is essential. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are crucial to prevent irreversible complications and reduce recurrence risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.73079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T04:14:27Z","timestamp":1782792867000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pediatric Cholesteatoma Presenting as Persistent Otorrhea: A Case of Delayed Diagnosis Across Multiple\n                    <scp>ENT<\/scp>\n                    Specialists"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5080-607X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"And","family":"Elshani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Prishtina  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9309-9959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorent","family":"Sijarina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Prishtina  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9760-651X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"Alqaisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department Al\u2010Zaytoonah University  Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4880-1838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melisa","family":"Stublla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Prishtina  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3660-6485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liburn","family":"Grabovci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Prishtina  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9511-6033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melinda","family":"Hysenaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Prishtina  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0885-0897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Drilon","family":"Byty\u00e7i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Prishtina  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anda","family":"Sylqa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Prishtina  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xhevdet","family":"Latifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Clinic University Clinical Center of Kosovo  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shatha","family":"Al\u2010Sheyab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department Mutah University  Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7700-776X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology University of Saskatchewan  Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105\u2010018\u20100915\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/854024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d1088"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2025.111819"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","first-page":"631","article-title":"Cholesteatoma\u2014Diagnosing the Unsafe Ear","volume":"37","author":"Chang P.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Australian Family Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2012.707333"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200840"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5472\/MMJoa.2802.06"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13102506"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","volume-title":"Middle Ear Cholesteatoma","author":"Kennedy K. 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