{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T06:14:25Z","timestamp":1788156865782,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    To describe the longitudinal functional recovery of a patient with refractory lower\u2010limb complex regional pain syndrome (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ), a disabling condition associated with pain and motor dysfunction, following individualized\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KAFO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010assisted rehabilitation, and to explore potential mechanisms underlying the observed recovery. Longitudinal case study with retrospective and prospective data collection from 2017 onward, including clinical assessment and validated outcome measures: Numeric Rating Scale,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u201036v2, and Barthel Index. A 62\u2010year\u2010old woman with refractory lower\u2010limb\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , multimorbidity, osteoporosis, and multiple fragility fractures developed progressive functional decline and wheelchair dependence despite pharmacological therapy, sympathectomy, and spinal cord stimulation. An individualized rehabilitation program incorporating a carbon\u2010fiber knee\u2013ankle\u2013foot orthosis (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KAFO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) was introduced. This was associated with marked pain reduction, improved independence, regained assisted ambulation, and sustained functional improvement over time. The observed recovery may reflect not only biomechanical stabilization and safer weight\u2010bearing, but also improved sensory input, body representation, and sensorimotor integration. This case supports a function\u2010oriented approach to advanced\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and suggests that orthosis\u2010assisted rehabilitation may contribute to functional and neurophysiological recovery in selected complex patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.73359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T04:16:08Z","timestamp":1787372168000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Functional Recovery in Refractory Lower\u2010Limb Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Following\n                    <scp>KAFO<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Assisted Rehabilitation: A Longitudinal Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1683-1554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Humberto","family":"Marreiros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade do Alentejo Central Hospital do Esp\u00edrito Santo de \u00c9vora  \u00c9vora Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Instituto S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o de Deus  Montemor\u2010o\u2010Novo Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_18_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.524"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39201.463819.2C"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318074d3c1"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(97)00306-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.11\u20106\u2010596"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181e3db38"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.62812"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004598.pub4"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(11)70106\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2014.01.500"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.04.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-1103"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21692"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0404.2000.101004262x.\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17403-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeud.2023.100049"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-010-9436-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2445"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2012-101257"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2010-0160"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2020.590823"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.09.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(00)01630-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.09.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.762915"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(24)00076\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-014-2094-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnw207"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_32_1","volume-title":"Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Adults: UK Guidelines for Diagnosis, Referral and Management in Primary and Secondary Care","author":"Goebel A.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(88)80032-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11138\/ccmbm\/2017.14.1.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296\u2010018\u20104101\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2008.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.57.12.2179"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2003.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31827b1aa1"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526\u20104637.2010.00911.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(97)00078-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(91)90113-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000229931.40631.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2010.08.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000143066.58498.BA"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/718201"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.1.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2010.00916.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm131"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532\u20102149.2012.00213.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92877-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000341930.35494.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpain.2021.732343"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001520"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.06.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.07.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-018-1746-6"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_18_62_1","article-title":"Gonadotrophin\u2010Releasing Hormone Analogues for Endometriosis: Bone Mineral Density","volume":"2003","author":"Sagsveen M.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2006.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.5.561"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-4153"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.03.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der286"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2014.185"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS\/2008\/108\/2\/0292"}],"container-title":["Clinical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ccr3.73359","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ccr3.73359","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ccr3.73359","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T05:23:24Z","timestamp":1788153804000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ccr3.73359"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ccr3.73359"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ccr3.73359","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-0904","2050-0904"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-0904","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-0904","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e73359"}}