{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T07:55:04Z","timestamp":1791273304748,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Oropharyngeal leech infestation is rare. A 12\u2010year\u2010old Afghan girl developed recurrent epistaxis, dysphagia, throat irritation, and cough after drinking untreated stream water. Examination revealed an 8\u2010cm leech attached to the posterior pharynx. Forceps removal immediately resolved symptoms. Leech infestation should be considered following freshwater exposure in endemic rural settings worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.73402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T05:47:51Z","timestamp":1788155271000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Rare Case of Oropharyngeal Leech Infestation Causing Epistaxis and Dysphagia in a Child in Herat, Afghanistan: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2256-7123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Abdul Ahad","family":"Wadoodi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Herat University  Herat Afghanistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7605-9056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Said Abdul 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