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It is also established that the CaSR is present in tissues previously thought to be noncalcitropic and this review discusses the role of the CaSR in vascular function, focusing mainly on contractility but also outlining its role in cell proliferation and calcification. Stimulation of the CaSR by extracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> concentration ([Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>) on perivascular sensory nerves and vascular endothelial cells is associated with vasodilatation through the release of vasoactive substances and stimulation of IK<jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub> channels and nitric oxide synthesis, respectively, which mediate endothelium\u2010derived hyperpolarizations and activation of BK<jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub> channels and K<jats:sub>ATP<\/jats:sub> channels in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). CaSR\u2010induced vasoconstrictions are mediated by the CaSR expressed in VSMCs, which are coupled to the G<jats:sub>q\/11<\/jats:sub> protein\u2010coupled pathway. In addition, the CaSR expressed on VSMCs also regulates proliferation and calcification. Consequently, the CaSR has been implicated in regulating systemic and pulmonary blood pressure and calcimimetics and calcilytics are potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, pulmonary artery hypertension, and atherosclerosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccs3.70004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T01:39:11Z","timestamp":1738805951000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Role of the calcium\u2010sensing receptor in regulating vascular function"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3596-9634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony P.","family":"Albert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Biology Section Cardiovascular &amp; Genomics Research Institute St. George's, University of London  London UK"},{"name":"Norwich Medical School University of 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