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Calix\u2010DANS2 shows a high selectivity towards Hg<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> over interfering cations (Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, Zn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, Cd<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> and Pb<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>) and a sensitivity in the 10<jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup> mol\u2009L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> concentration range. The complexation of mercury ion induces a strong fluorescence quenching due to a well\u2010defined electron transfer process from the fluorophore to the metal center. Calix\u2010DANS4 exhibits an extremely high affinity for Pb<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> with a high selectivity over various competing ions. The unprecedented detection limit (4 \u03bcg\u2009L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) is fully compatible with the level defined by the World Health Organisation. The affinity of Calix\u2010DANS4 for Pb<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> can be rationalized by the activation of the inert pair of electrons on Pb<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>. The number of fluorophores involved in the complexation can be determined from a careful time\u2010resolved fluorescence characterization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.200400259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,28]],"date-time":"2004-07-28T07:00:49Z","timestamp":1090998049000},"page":"4480-4490","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":252,"title":["Lead and Mercury Sensing by Calixarene\u2010Based Fluoroionophores Bearing Two or Four Dansyl Fluorophores"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"R\u00e9mi","family":"M\u00e9tivier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Leray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Valeur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization Guidelines for drinking\u2010water quality 2nd ed. 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