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Each phosphine reacts to form a complete series of P\n                    <jats:sup>V<\/jats:sup>\n                    chalcogenides Nap[P(E\u2032)(Ph\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    )(ER)] (E\u2032=O, S, Se). The novel compounds were fully characterised by using X\u2010ray crystallography and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy and MS. X\u2010ray data for\n                    <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>n<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009\n                    <jats:bold>O<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>n<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009\n                    <jats:bold>S<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>n<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009\n                    <jats:bold>Se<\/jats:bold>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =1\u20133) are compared. Eleven molecular structures have been analysed by naphthalene ring torsions,\n                    <jats:italic>peri<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010atom displacement, splay angle magnitude, X\u22c5\u22c5\u22c5E interactions, aromatic ring orientations and quasi\u2010linear arrangements. An increase in the congestion of the\n                    <jats:italic>peri<\/jats:italic>\n                    region following the introduction of heavy chalcogen atoms is accompanied by a general increase in naphthalene distortion. P\u22c5\u22c5\u22c5E distances increase for molecules that contain bulkier atoms at the\n                    <jats:italic>peri<\/jats:italic>\n                    positions and also when larger chalcogen atoms are bound to phosphorus. The chalcogenides adopt similar conformations that contain a quasi\u2010linear E\u22c5\u22c5\u22c5P\uf8ffC fragment, except for\n                    <jats:bold>3\u2009O<\/jats:bold>\n                    , which displays a twist\u2010axial\u2010twist conformation resulting in the formation of a linear O\u22c5\u22c5\u22c5Se\uf8ffC alignment. Ab initio MO calculations performed on\n                    <jats:bold>2\u2009O<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>3\u2009O<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>3\u2009S<\/jats:bold>\n                    and\n                    <jats:bold>3\u2009Se<\/jats:bold>\n                    reveal Wiberg bond index values of 0.02 to 0.04, which indicates only minor non\u2010bonded interactions; however, calculations on radical cations of\n                    <jats:bold>3\u2009O<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>3\u2009S<\/jats:bold>\n                    and\n                    <jats:bold>3\u2009Se<\/jats:bold>\n                    reveal increased values (0.14\u20130.19).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201000454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,25]],"date-time":"2010-05-25T03:28:56Z","timestamp":1274758136000},"page":"7617-7634","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Sterically Crowded\n                    <i>peri<\/i>\n                    \u2010Substituted Naphthalene Phosphines and their P\n                    <sup>V<\/sup>\n                    Derivatives"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Fergus\u2005R.","family":"Knight","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy\u2005L.","family":"Fuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"B\u00fchl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra\u2005M.\u2005Z.","family":"Slawin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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