{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T06:05:20Z","timestamp":1790489120970,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"48","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,29]],"date-time":"2010-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1288310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chemistry A European J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u03b1\u2010Synuclein (\u03b1\u2010SYN) is a very important neuronal protein that is associated with Parkinson\u2019s disease. In this paper, we utilized Au\u2010doped TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> nanotube arrays to design a photoelectrochemical immunosensor for the detection of \u03b1\u2010SYN. The highly ordered TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> nanotubes were fabricated by using an electrochemical anodization technique on pure Ti foil. After that, a photoelectrochemical deposition method was exploited to modify the resulting nanotubes with Au nanoparticles, which have been demonstrated to facilitate the improvement of photocurrent responses. Moreover, the Au\u2010doped TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> nanotubes formed effective antibody immobilization arrays and immobilized primary antibodies (Ab<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) with high stability and bioactivity to bind target \u03b1\u2010SYN. The enhanced sensitivity was obtained by using {Ab<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010Au\u2010GOx} bioconjugates, which featured secondary antibody (Ab<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and glucose oxidase (GOx) labels linked to Au nanoparticles for signal amplification. The GOx enzyme immobilized on the prepared immunosensor could catalyze glucose in the detection solution to produce H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, which acted as a sacrificial electron donor to scavenge the photogenerated holes in the valence band of TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> nanotubes upon irradiation of the other side of the Ti foil and led to a prompt photocurrent. The photocurrents were proportional to the \u03b1\u2010SYN concentrations, and the linear range of the developed immunosensor was from 50\u2005pg\u2009mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> to 100\u2005ng\u2009mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> with a detection limit of 34\u2005pg\u2009mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. The proposed method showed high sensitivity, stability, reproducibility, and could become a promising technique for protein detection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201001654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,29]],"date-time":"2010-10-29T12:33:32Z","timestamp":1288355612000},"page":"14439-14446","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":210,"title":["A Photoelectrochemical Immunosensor Based on Au\u2010Doped TiO<sub>2<\/sub> Nanotube Arrays for the Detection of \u03b1\u2010Synuclein"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yarui","family":"An","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linlin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meicheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Litong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuangui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","first-page":"19","volume-title":"Parkinson\u2019s Disease Diagnosis and Clinical Management","author":"Goetz C. 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