{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T02:39:15Z","timestamp":1777343955320,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":146,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"42","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,6]],"date-time":"2016-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003803","name":"The University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003803","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"URC Strategic Research Theme on New Materials"},{"name":"Theme-Based Research Scheme","award":["T23-713\/11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T23-713\/11"]}]},{"name":"General Research Fund","award":["HKU 17304715"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HKU 17304715"]}]},{"name":"Research Grants Council of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003803","name":"University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003803","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chemistry A European J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A series of air\u2010stable spiro\u2010fused ladder\u2010type boron(III) compounds has been designed, synthesized, and the electrochemistry and photophysical behavior have been characterized. By simply varying the substituents on the pyridine ring and extending the \u03c0\u2010conjugation of the spiro framework, the emission color of these compounds can be easily fine\u2010tuned spanning the visible spectrum from blue to red. All compounds exhibit a broad and structureless emission band across the entire visible region, assigned as an intramolecular charge\u2010transfer transition originating from the thiophene of the spiro framework to the pyridine\u2010borane moieties. In addition, these compounds demonstrate high photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 0.81 in dichloromethane solution and 0.86 in doped thin films. Some of the compounds have also been employed as emissive materials, in which solution\u2010processed organic light\u2010emitting devices (OLEDs) with tunable emission colors spanning the visible spectrum from blue, green to red have been realized, demonstrating the potential applications of these boron compounds in OLEDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201602829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,6]],"date-time":"2016-09-06T04:14:05Z","timestamp":1473135245000},"page":"15095-15106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Air\u2010Stable Spirofluorene\u2010Containing Ladder\u2010Type Bis(alkynyl)borane Compounds with Readily Tunable Full Color Emission Properties"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Ben Yiu\u2010Wing","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road  Hong Kong P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hok\u2010Lai","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road  Hong Kong P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Chun","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road  Hong Kong P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mei\u2010Yee","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road  Hong Kong P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vivian Wing\u2010Wah","family":"Yam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road  Hong Kong P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/25954"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/a908713c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr050143"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b803932c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr000013v"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b926348a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c1cs15016b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1754804"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/38693"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.78.729"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4095(199810)10:14<1137::AID-ADMA1136>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.201500236"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr2004103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00325J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00346B"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00298A"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00280F"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201104533"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201104533"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11687"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo4008332"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201402992"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201402992"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1524\/zpch.1954.1.5_6.275"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","volume-title":"Photophysics of Aromatic Molecules","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ol035415e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b604563d"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja406766e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2001140"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr0501341"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm5033699"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4TC01001A"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C3CC48566H"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200400102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja073466r"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200700154"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/B711157F"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200800075"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2cc31468a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2005.09.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ol201466z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201102993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201306668"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201306668"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/26936"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4095(200007)12:14<1060::AID-ADMA1060>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja029630m"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200901534"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c0jm00581a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200500361"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200700401"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cc40552d"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja0269587"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1493669"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200305619"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm0345117"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b501819f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_66_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja902789w"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja110968m"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-3773(20021004)41:19<3598::AID-ANIE3598>3.0.CO;2-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_69_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-3757(20021004)114:19<3750::AID-ANGE3750>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201202570"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_70_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201202570"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_71_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-3773(20020816)41:16<2927::AID-ANIE2927>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_72_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-3757(20020816)114:16<3051::AID-ANGE3051>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm0495717"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1351\/pac200678071413"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr100026f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr100026f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic200658v"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cs60170f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201305554"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_79_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201305554"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_80_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200504391"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_81_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.200504391"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ol102282x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201411973"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_83_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201411973"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_84_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b003774p"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b309374c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200400250"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/B513918J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp0741509"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_90_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C1JM14606H"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201301815"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CC06351E"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5SC01800E"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr078381n"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_96_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200400081"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic900673s"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic102554j"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_100_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/B615966D"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201000258"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_103_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic900803a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja105537j"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ol200277n"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja208097a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ol3004595"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2dt30446e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201203105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_111_2","first-page":"2186","volume":"21","author":"Poon C.-T.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201504997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_112_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201504997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201510946"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_113_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201510946"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tet.2008.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo101920p"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-0682(200208)2002:8<2069::AID-EJIC2069>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201001965"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_118_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/j100229a010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00355a009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic00159a021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_122_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_123_2","first-page":"100","volume":"58","author":"Bayliss N. S.","year":"1954","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr00032a005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.joc.5b00416"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201304207"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphc.201200426"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/om9006246"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tet.2006.10.068"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_130_1","first-page":"1902","volume":"12","author":"Kowada T.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Synlett"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470132593.ch28"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/jr9390001622"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/j100678a001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00432a028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr940053x"}],"container-title":["Chemistry \u2013 A European Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fchem.201602829","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fchem.201602829","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/chem.201602829","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T15:34:36Z","timestamp":1760283276000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/chem.201602829"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,6]]},"references-count":146,"journal-issue":{"issue":"42","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/chem.201602829"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/chem.201602829","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0947-6539","1521-3765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0947-6539","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-3765","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,6]]}}}