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A large order parameter is desirable to maximize the change in properties induced by an external stimulus. A set of photochromic and nonphotochromic dyes were investigated for these applications. It was found that a bent\u2010shaped 7\u2010substituted dihydroazulene (DHA) photoswitch exhibited liquid\u2010crystalline properties. Further investigation demonstrated that this material actually followed two distinct reaction pathways on heating, to a deactivated form by a 1,5\u2010sigmatropic shift and to a linear 6\u2010substituted DHA. In addition, elimination of hydrogen cyanide from the photoactive DHA gave both bent and linear azulene dyes. In a nematic host that has no absorbance around 350\u2005nm, it was found that only the linear DHA derivative has nematic properties; however, both 6\u2010 and 7\u2010substituted DHAs were found to have large order parameters. In the nematic host, ring opening of either DHA to the corresponding vinylheptafulvene resulted in a decrease in dichroic order parameter and an unusually fast back\u2010reaction to a mixture of both DHAs. Likewise, only the linear azulene derivative showed mesomorphic properties. In the same nematic host, large order parameters were also observed for these dyes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201700055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,14]],"date-time":"2017-02-14T08:02:44Z","timestamp":1487059364000},"page":"5090-5103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Photoswitching of Dihydroazulene Derivatives in Liquid\u2010Crystalline Host Systems"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Anne Ugleholdt","family":"Petersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen  Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martyn","family":"Jevric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen  Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen 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