{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:44:30Z","timestamp":1790304270474,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"28","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,18]],"date-time":"2018-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry A European J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anhydrous nanoscopic CuF<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> is synthesized from alkoxides Cu(OR)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (R=Me, <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>Bu) by their reaction either in pure liquid HF at \u221270\u2009\u00b0C, or under solvothermal conditions at 150\u2009\u00b0C using excess HF and THF as solvent. Depending on the synthesis method, nanoparticles of sizes between 10 and 100\u2005nm are obtained. The compound is highly hygroscopic and forms different hydrolysis products under moist air, namely CuF<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:bold>\u22c5<\/jats:bold>2\u2009H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, Cu<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>(OH)F<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, and Cu(OH)F, of which only the latter is stable at room temperature. CuF<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exhibits an electrochemical plateau at a potential of \u22482.7\u2005V when cycled versus Li in half cell Li\u2010ion batteries, which is attributed to a non\u2010reversible conversion mechanism. The cell capacity in the first cycle depends on the particle size, being 468\u2005mAh\u2009g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> for \u22488\u2005nm crystallite diameter, and 353\u2005mAh\u2009g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> for \u224812\u2005nm crystallite diameter, referred to CuF<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. However, such a high capacity cannot be sustained for several cycles and the capacity rapidly fades out. The cell voltage decreases to \u22482.0\u2005V for CuF<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:bold>\u22c5<\/jats:bold>2\u2009H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, Cu<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>(OH)F<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, and Cu(OH)F. As all the compounds studied in this work show irreversible conversion reactions, it can be concluded that copper\u2010based fluorides are unsuitable for Li\u2010ion battery applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201800207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,26]],"date-time":"2018-02-26T09:18:46Z","timestamp":1519636726000},"page":"7177-7187","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Novel Synthesis of Anhydrous and Hydroxylated CuF<sub>2<\/sub> Nanoparticles and Their Potential for Lithium Ion Batteries"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Thoralf","family":"Krahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Chemie Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Nanofluor GmbH  Rudower Chaussee 29 12489 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friederike","family":"Marroquin\u2005Winkelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Chemie Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9a","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Chemie Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Pinna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Chemie Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, IRIS Adlershof  Zum Gro\u00dfen Windkanal 6 12489 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5300-3905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erhard","family":"Kemnitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Chemie Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Nanofluor GmbH  Rudower Chaussee 29 12489 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201000717"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2014.10.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-016-1365-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja206268a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp503902z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C3CC47413E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm070421g"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b10641"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201501139"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01630a068"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01562a011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3697(74)80182-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-5088(74)90166-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/zaac.19332100307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/zaac.19342190206"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/zaac.19392410407"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/zaac.19392410204"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-8914(40)90069-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01544a017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/v72-241"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","first-page":"909","volume":"38","author":"Troyanov S. 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