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Herein, we employ high\u2010resolution atomic force microscopy and quantitative nanomechanical mapping to investigate the effects of Tat protein in A\u03b2 peptide aggregation. Our results demonstrate that the Tat protein could bind to the A\u03b2 fibril surfaces and result in the formation of Tat\u2010A\u03b2 multifibrillar structures. The resultant Tat\u2010A\u03b2 multifibrillar aggregates represent an increase in stiffness compared with A\u03b2 fibrils due to the increase in \u03b2\u2010sheet formation. The identification and characterization of the Tat\u2010A\u03b2 intermediate aggregates is important to understanding the interactions between Tat protein and A\u03b2 peptide, and the development of novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease\u2010like disorder in HIV infected individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201905715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]],"date-time":"2020-03-13T06:27:12Z","timestamp":1584080832000},"page":"9449-9453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Identification and Nanomechanical Characterization of the HIV Tat\u2010Amyloid \u03b2 Peptide Multifibrillar Structures"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Qiying","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of, Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University  Jinan 250100 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of, Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University  Jinan 250100 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naga","family":"Pradeep Nidamanuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of, Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University  Jinan 250100 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanxu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of, Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University  Jinan 250100 P. R. 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