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Here, we introduce a family of hydrophobic anions based on fluorinated <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\u2010acyl barbiturates with delocalized negative charge and bulky non\u2010polar groups. Similarly to fluorinated tetraphenylborates, these barbiturates prevent ACQ of cationic dye alkyl rhodamine B inside polymer NPs made of biodegradable poly(lactic\u2010co\u2010glycolic acid) (PLGA). Their efficiency to prevent ACQ increases for analogues with higher acidity and bulkiness. Their structure controls dye\u2010dye communication, yielding bright NPs with on\/off switching or stable emission. They enhance dye encapsulation inside NPs, allowing intracellular imaging without dye leakage. Compared to fluorinated tetraphenylborates known as cytotoxic transmembrane ion transporters, the barbiturates display a significantly lower cytotoxicity. These chemically available and versatile barbiturate derivatives are promising counterion scaffolds for preparation of bright non\u2010toxic fluorescent nanomaterials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202101986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T01:39:18Z","timestamp":1624498758000},"page":"12877-12883","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Bulky Barbiturates as Non\u2010Toxic Ionic Dye Insulators for Enhanced Emission in Polymeric Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Bohdan","family":"Andreiuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021 CNRS ITI Chimie des Syst\u00e8mes Complexes Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg  74 route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilya O.","family":"Aparin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021 CNRS ITI Chimie des Syst\u00e8mes Complexes Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg  74 route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Reisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021 CNRS ITI Chimie des Syst\u00e8mes Complexes Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg  74 route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2423-830X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey S.","family":"Klymchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021 CNRS ITI Chimie des Syst\u00e8mes Complexes Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg  74 route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00392F"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1247390"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00419"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5b00263"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00014E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cs60036j"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201205133"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201503396"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","author":"Ong S. 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