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Here we tested an NMR approach which relies on the measurement of paramagnetic relaxation enhancements (PREs) arising from analogous cationic, anionic or neutral soluble nitroxide molecules, which distribute around the protein\u2010ligand complex depending on near\u2010surface electrostatic potentials. We applied this approach to two protein\u2010ligand systems, interleukin\u20108 interacting with highly charged glycosaminoglycans and the SH2 domain of Grb2 interacting with less charged phospho\u2010tyrosine tripeptides. The electrostatic potential around interleukin\u20108 and its changes upon binding of glycosaminoglycans could be derived from the PRE data and confirmed by theoretical predictions from Poisson\u2010Boltzmann calculations. The ligand influence on the PREs and NMR\u2010derived electrostatic potentials of Grb2 SH2 was localized to a narrow protein region which allowed the localization of the peptide binding pocket. Our analysis suggests that experiments with nitroxide cosolutes can be useful for investigating protein\u2010ligand electrostatic interactions and mapping ligand binding sites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202303570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T05:39:01Z","timestamp":1701236341000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Detecting Protein\u2010Ligand Interactions with Nitroxide Based Paramagnetic Cosolutes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6015-5969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja","family":"Penk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics University of Leipzig  H\u00e4rtelstr. 16\/18 D-04107 Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6151-4449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annemarie","family":"Danielsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry University of Gda\u0144sk  Ul. 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