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The parent cation and most derivatives have only been observed as a fleeting species by mass spectrometry, UV\/Vis spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, or NMR spectroscopy. The most common synthetic routes to fluorenyl cations are by dehydroxylation and halide abstraction of substituted fluorenyl precursors. Over the 71 year history, many advancements have been made with recent developments leading to isolable species including two characterized by X\u2010ray diffraction. 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