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Polanyi award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["John C. Polanyi award"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012979","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VICI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VICI"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry A European J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    As a broad\u2010scale energy storage solution, redox flow batteries (RFBs) offer high efficiency and tunable design. However, conventional RFBs rely on transition\u2010metal ion couples, (e.g., vanadium or iron), whose implementation is limited by low energy densities, high cost, and environmental leaching. Main\u2010group compounds, comprising earth\u2010abundant,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010block elements, represent highly promising, yet underexplored candidates for RFBs. Herein, we evaluate three boron\u2010formazanate complexes as negolyte and symmetric electrolytes in nonaqueous organic redox flow batteries (NAORFBs). Detailed electrochemical characterization of these complexes reveals two sequential reduction processes with the first being exceptionally stable (&lt;3% capacity fade after charge\/discharge cycling in a static H\u2010cell for 3 days). In contrast, cycling that includes the two\u2010electron reduced state results in rapid degradation (&gt;59% capacity fade over 2.5 days in a static H\u2010cell), most likely due to fluoride elimination from the BF\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    moiety. Guided by these insights, a B(Ph)\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    unit was introduced to mitigate this degradation pathway. The elimination of labile B\u2500F bonds as well as steric protection conferred by two phenyl groups led to improved cycling performance (&gt;85% capacity retention after charge\/discharge cycling in a flow battery for 15 days). These findings guide the rational design of inexpensive main\u2010group electrolytes for application in energy storage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202503592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T05:44:41Z","timestamp":1767678281000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Boron\u2010Formazanate Complexes as Tunable Redox\u2010Active Materials for Non\u2010Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Reinder H.","family":"Bouma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell J.","family":"Demchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario  London Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suhjung","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario  London Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis L.","family":"Buguis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario  London Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin L.","family":"Cotterill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario  London Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arvin M.","family":"Mehdian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario  London Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul D.","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario  London Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2186-1040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus W.","family":"Drover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario  London Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0349-7780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joe B.","family":"Gilroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario  London Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5905-5108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edwin","family":"Otten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364\u20100321(99)00011\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2013.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr100290v"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1367\u20102630\/18\/6\/063027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2016.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jechem.2018.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C2RA21342G"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202400721"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"L. 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