{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:37:19Z","timestamp":1786977439625,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry A European J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Non\u2010fused\u2010ring electron acceptors have recently gathered substantial interest for the application in organic solar cells because of their competitive photovoltaic properties and other advantages, including easy synthesis and high yields, facilitating the production of cost\u2010efficient devices. In this work, a pair of fluorene\u2010based acceptors, FHM\u2010Cl and FHM\u2010F, respectively featuring a chlorinated and a fluorinated 1,1\u2010dicyanomethylene\u20103\u2010indanone end group, \u03c0\u2010bridged through alkyl\u2010substituted thiophene units to a fluorene core, were synthesized through a three\u2010step synthesis from commercially available precursors. Organic solar cells utilizing these acceptor molecules were subsequently fabricated and optimized with various donor materials. Notably, the combinations D18:FHM\u2010Cl and D18:FHM\u2010F achieved power conversion efficiencies of 10.7% and 7.6%, respectively. A comprehensive study involving optical and electrical characterization, along with morphological analysis, demonstrated that the FHM\u2010Cl\u2010based solar cells exhibited superior light absorption, enhanced solid\u2010state packing and reduced trap\u2010assisted recombination. Moreover, the shelf and thermal stability of the devices further highlight the potential of these acceptors in the design of low\u2010cost and efficient organic solar cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.70952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T08:01:30Z","timestamp":1775721690000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Three\u2010Step Synthesis Toward Fluorene\u2010Based Non\u2010Fused\u2010Ring Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Virginia","family":"Lafranconi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM) NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suman","family":"Mallick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM) NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Nauta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM) NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Inzko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM) NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"H\u00f6nigsberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM) NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danijel","family":"Babic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM) NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Schlemmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM) NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Padula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Chimica e Farmacia Universit\u00e0 di Siena  Siena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0788-1336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heinz","family":"Amenitsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Inorganic Chemistry NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4837-7726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Rath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM) NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8922-4163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregor","family":"Trimmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM) NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2058\u20108585\/ac66ae"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c12268"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369\u20107021(12)70019\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.167311"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563\u2010024\u201002062\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560\u2010025\u201001862\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaem.1c01737"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201706571"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201908205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b18076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010021\u201025394\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560\u2010024\u201001564\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2023.108661"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/agt2.281"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d5sc00528k"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31635\/ccschem.025.202505659"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c00090"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE02027H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202423242"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202511928"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202316495"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202507288"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010025\u201060650\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.6b00131"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja5110602"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c7cc09123k"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaem.1c00369"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578\u2010025\u201000804\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtener.2025.102108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202304063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202000509"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202318360"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c17649"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/solr.202000250"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202512237"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6TA04358E"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja108601g"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TA05664F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202301337"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.27065"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563\u2010017\u20100005\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001\u20108686(98)00087\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/polc.5070340105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202214088"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201004554"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118858981"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S090904959800137X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600576722003685"}],"container-title":["Chemistry \u2013 A European Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/chem.70952","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/chem.70952","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/chem.70952","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:55:22Z","timestamp":1782262522000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/chem.70952"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/chem.70952"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/chem.70952","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0947-6539","1521-3765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0947-6539","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-3765","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70952"}}