{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T13:46:09Z","timestamp":1791899169338,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"38","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry A European J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The intermediate structures between phthalocyanines and porphyrins (so\u2010called hybrid structures) are intriguing materials that offer the potential to combine features of each parent, and also offer tunability of properties through modification and further functionalization. We report here the stepwise synthesis of tetrabenzotriazaporphyrins(TBTAPs) bearing different core and meso\u2010aryl substituents. The results are unexpected; our previous results showed that the reaction between aminoisoindoline initiator (\u201cA\u201d) and a phthalonitrile (\u201cB\u201d) led preferentially to 2:2, ABBA hybrids, presumed to be via reaction between 2x \u201cAB\u201d intermediates. Here we report the synthesis of discrete \u201cAB\u201d fragments and their subsequent reaction chemistry. Reaction of the AB intermediates under typical macrocyclization conditions fails to produce more than a trace of the expected ABBA TBTAP hybrid. Rather, the reactions yield the 3:1 ABBB TBTAPs predominantly, alongside an open ABA trimer (a tripyrrin analogue). The protocol provides a useful alternative synthesis of TBTAPs that minimizes the formation of phthalocyanine side\u2010product. ABA trimer synthesis was separately optimized to produce a short series. The materials show broad absorption across the visible range and assemble into a preferred helical, coiled arrangement as revealed by crystallography.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.71357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T15:26:21Z","timestamp":1783351581000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stepwise Synthesis of Tetrabenzotriazaporphyrins (TBTAPs) and Their Open 2\u2010 and 3\u2010Ring Fragments"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Jacob","family":"Gretton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ala","family":"Alturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Remiro\u2010Buenama\u00f1ana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"D\u00edaz\u2010Moscoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"},{"name":"Instituto De Investigaciones Qu\u00edmicas (IIQ\u2010CICIC)  Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amirah A.","family":"Aldawsari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maha S.","family":"Albayaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Chambrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon J.","family":"Coles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry University of Southampton  Southampton UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham J.","family":"Tizzard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry University of Southampton  Southampton UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7912-4310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew N.","family":"Cammidge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"The Porphyrin Handbook","author":"Kadish K. 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