{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T11:16:54Z","timestamp":1789125414649,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22578339"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22578339"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018806","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Hubei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025CSA001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025CSA001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018806","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry A European J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Electrochemical conversion of CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and nitrate into urea offers a sustainable route for nitrogen fixation, yet the reliability of catalytic performance evaluation is frequently compromised by inaccurate product quantification. Current detection methodologies are susceptible to severe interferences from electrolyte pH fluctuations, byproduct accumulation (e.g., NO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    , NH\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), and complex electrolyte factors. In this study, we systematically decouple the interference mechanisms affecting these mainstream detection methods, revealing that extreme pH conditions lead to significant quantitative deviations in urease\u2010based assays due to enzymatic denaturation. To overcome these limitations, we establish a comprehensive calibration strategy and a multi\u2010method synergistic detection protocol. This approach integrates targeted pH optimization with a logic\u2010guided selection of analytical techniques based on specific concentration ranges and impurity profiles. Validated using a BiOCl\u2010catalyzed urea synthesis system, this integrated protocol demonstrates exceptional accuracy, stability, and cross\u2010method consistency. By offering a standardized, high\u2010throughput\u2010compatible workflow for eliminating false positives and measurement errors, this work provides critical methodological support for the objective assessment of electrocatalytic urea synthesis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.71686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T11:00:10Z","timestamp":1789124410000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Universal and Robust Protocol for Accurate Urea Quantification in Electrochemical C\u2500N Coupling Systems"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7817-4346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meiqi","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Wuhan Textile University Wuhan P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Wuhan Textile University Wuhan P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengxin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Wuhan Textile University Wuhan P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3270-2707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Functional Materials Hubei University of Arts and Science  Xiangyang P. R. 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