{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T11:03:47Z","timestamp":1789556627815,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003981","name":"Agenzia Spaziale Italiana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["J83C23001100005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J83C23001100005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003981","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry A European J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The phosphorylation of nucleosides and their subsequent polymerization are key issues in the study of the Origins of Life. How these chemical processes took place on primitive Earth remains a puzzle. In this study, we examine the thermal phosphorylation of guanosine in water under wet\u2010dry conditions and in the presence of sodium pyrophosphate, without the use of condensing agents or chemical catalysts. Phosphorylation occurs selectively, yielding cyclic guanosine monophosphates and cyclic guanosine polyphosphates bearing polyphosphate side chains of different lengths. Interestingly, this reaction mimics the phosphorylation of nucleosides by purine nucleotide pyrophosphotransferase enzymes in present\u2010day organisms. The fact that the phosphorylation reaction is not thermodynamically spontaneous in aqueous solutions, even at moderate water activities, highlights the efficacy of the reported procedure. These observations outline a plausible prebiotic scenario for the formation of building\u2010blocks of the pre\u2010genetic apparatus involving a simple phosphorylating reagent and wet\u2010dry cycles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.71691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T10:21:53Z","timestamp":1789554113000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>U<\/scp>\n                    ncatalyzed Guanosine Phosphorylation under Potentially Prebiotic Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Martina","family":"Proietti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology National Research Council \u2010 IBPM\u2010CNR  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7085-5432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno Mattia","family":"Bizzarri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Biology University of Tuscia  Viterbo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6116-9772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"De Marchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Biology University of Tuscia  Viterbo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Giorgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4420-9063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaele","family":"Saladino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies Sapienza University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Costanzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology National Research Council \u2010 IBPM\u2010CNR  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar200332w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"31","volume-title":"The Origins of Life and Evolution","author":"Holde K. 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