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Layered transition metal oxides (LTMOs) offer high specific capacity and structural tunability but suffer from severe interfacial instability. Repeated Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    (de)intercalation induces lattice strain and electrode cracking, while reactive oxygen species and unsaturated surface sites accelerate electrolyte decomposition, transition\u2010metal dissolution, and uncontrolled cathode\u2013electrolyte interphase (CEI) growth. Interfacial engineering strategies, including surface coating, gradient doping, surface reconstruction, and electrolyte modification, can suppress side reactions and stabilize both the bulk and interface. This review systematically examines the multiscale degradation mechanisms of layered sodium transition\u2010metal oxide cathodes. Focusing on structural compatibility and ion\/electron transport kinetics, it evaluates major interfacial modification strategies and their underlying mechanisms, and summarizes advanced in situ characterization techniques for tracking dynamic interfacial evolution. To overcome poor coating uniformity, limited doping precision, and uncoordinated bulk\u2013interface evolution, we propose a synergistic modification framework integrating multiscale theoretical calculations with advanced in situ characterization. Finally, future research directions and industrial prospects for high\u2010energy, long\u2010life layered oxide cathodes are discussed, offering guidance for the rational design and practical development of high\u2010performance SIBs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.71722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T06:41:32Z","timestamp":1790404892000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multi\u2010Scale Interfacial Degradation Mechanisms and Precision Engineering Strategies for Layered Oxide Cathodes in Sodium\u2010Ion Batteries"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biological and Chemical Engineering Qilu Institute of Technology  Jinan P. R. 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