{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:50:56Z","timestamp":1791615056423,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100023043","name":"State of Florida","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100023043","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RM1GM148766"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RM1GM148766"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry A European J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enables dramatic sensitivity enhancements in solid\u2010state nuclear magnetic resonance studies of materials. Most DNP approaches rely on the cross effect mechanism that typically employs nitroxide biradicals that are chemically incompatible with many samples and whose efficiency decreases with increasing magnetic field strength. The Overhauser effect DNP mechanism is a potential alternative that allows the use of a broader range of radical polarizing agents but requires further development. Mixed\u2010valence and methyl\u2010functionalized conjugated radicals have both been shown to enable Overhauser DNP, yet general design rules remain elusive. Here, we studied a series of 14 methyl\u2010functionalized Blatter\u2010type radicals to elucidate key structure\u2013activity relationships. We found that radicals with sterically unhindered methyl groups are active, a feature readily identifiable from a Kekul\u00e9 structure. Substitutions that alter molecular conformation, and thus the spin density distribution, predictably reduce performance. Addition of trifluoromethyl groups, commonly employed to enhance stability, also decreases activity by withdrawing spin density from Overhauser\u2010active sites. These findings provide design principles that accelerate the discovery of efficient methyl\u2010driven Overhauser effect DNP polarizing agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.71772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:43:26Z","timestamp":1791614606000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Structure\u2013Activity Relationships in Methyl\u2010Driven Overhauser Effect DNP"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2034-0917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ananya","family":"Mukherji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences University of Michigan\u2010Dearborn  Dearborn Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma A.","family":"Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7112-958X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shubha S.","family":"Gunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University  Tallahassee Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Dubroca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University  Tallahassee Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9466-0154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mukaila A.","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences University of Michigan\u2010Dearborn  Dearborn Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4767-4114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin\u2010Seok","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences University of Michigan\u2010Dearborn  Dearborn Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nisreen","family":"Sharara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences University of Michigan\u2010Dearborn  Dearborn Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed","family":"Raza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences University of Michigan\u2010Dearborn  Dearborn Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fadwat","family":"Bazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences University of Michigan\u2010Dearborn  Dearborn Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1393-4868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Marincean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences University of Michigan\u2010Dearborn  Dearborn Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4959-4298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dragos F.","family":"Flesariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Cyprus  Nicosia Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4652-7567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panayiotis A.","family":"Koutentis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Cyprus  Nicosia Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3570-9787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Mentink\u2010Vigier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University  Tallahassee Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry &amp; Biochemistry Florida State University  Tallahassee Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical and Biological Sciences Division Ames National Laboratory  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6364-1102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos P.","family":"Constantinides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences University of Michigan\u2010Dearborn  Dearborn Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2662-5119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric A.","family":"Perras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"},{"name":"Chemical and Biological Sciences Division Ames National Laboratory  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRev.92.411","article-title":"Polarization of Nuclei in Metals","volume":"92","author":"Overhauser A. 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