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Recently, we reported that <jats:italic>CCR4<\/jats:italic> C\u2010terminal gain\u2010of\u2010function mutations were frequent in ATL cases, and a subgroup with these mutations who were treated without allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and with mogamulizumab\u2010containing [HSCT (\u2212) and mogamulizumab (+)] regimens had a superior survival rate. Although these mutations are most likely a biomarker for predicting a strong response to mogamulizumab, their detection is time\u2010consuming and costly. A more convenient screening tool may be necessary in the clinical setting. In this study, the clinicopathological importance of immunohistochemistry for the CCR4 N\u2010terminus (CCR4\u2010N\u2010IHC) and C\u2010terminus (CCR4\u2010C\u2010IHC) was examined in a large ATL cohort (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u200992). We found that CCR4\u2010C\u2010IHC, but not CCR4\u2010N\u2010IHC, was inversely correlated with the <jats:italic>CCR4<\/jats:italic> mutation status. In ATL patients negative for CCR4\u2010C\u2010IHC, a subgroup treated with HSCT (\u2212) and mogamulizumab (+) regimens showed a significantly better prognosis. In addition, CCR4\u2010C\u2010IHC was found to be a useful marker for high\u2010sensitivity screening of the <jats:italic>CCR4<\/jats:italic> mutational status (87%). The present study suggests that CCR4\u2010C\u2010IHC may be useful for identifying ATL patients harboring mutated <jats:italic>CCR4<\/jats:italic> who may benefit from the superior efficacy of mogamulizumab\u2010containing regimens and that CCR4\u2010C\u2010IHC may be a rapid and cost\u2010efficient tool for screening for <jats:italic>CCR4<\/jats:italic> mutation status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cjp2.180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T13:37:43Z","timestamp":1601991463000},"page":"52-60","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Immunohistochemistry for <scp>CCR4<\/scp> C\u2010terminus predicts <scp><i>CCR4<\/i><\/scp> mutations and mogamulizumab efficacy in adult T\u2010cell leukemia\/lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Keiichiro","family":"Fujii","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and 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