{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:24:18Z","timestamp":1790861058860,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pathsocjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pathology CR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Supposed risk of malignant transformation of salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma (SGPA) is an important reason for aggressive retreatment in recurrent pleomorphic adenoma (RPA). However, although the diagnostic category \u2018carcinoma ex\u2010pleomorphic adenoma\u2019 suggests that malignant transformation of a pleomorphic adenoma is a regular event, this has to date not been shown to occur in sequential lesions of one patient. Here, we show the molecular events in transformation to malignancy of a pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland. Detailed molecular analysis revealed an <jats:italic>LIFR<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>PLAG1<\/jats:italic> translocation characteristic for pleomorphic adenoma and, next to this, a <jats:italic>PIK3R1<\/jats:italic> frameshift mutation and several allelic imbalances. In subsequent malignant recurrences, the same <jats:italic>LIFR<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>PLAG1<\/jats:italic> translocation, <jats:italic>PIK3R1<\/jats:italic> frameshift mutation, and allelic imbalances were present in addition to <jats:italic>TP53<\/jats:italic> mutations. Thus, this case not only shows malignant transformation of SGPA, but also demonstrates that molecular analysis can be of help in recognising malignancy in the rare instance of RPA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cjp2.216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]],"date-time":"2021-05-08T16:50:00Z","timestamp":1620492600000},"page":"432-437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Malignant transformation of salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma: proof of principle"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2415-0893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthijs H","family":"Valstar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery The Netherlands Cancer Institute  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The 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