{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T14:40:48Z","timestamp":1773326448787,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,19]],"date-time":"2009-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1237420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects (ASDs) is currently a reliable alternative to surgery, even though challenging in patients with multiple ASDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficiency and safety of transcatheter closure in multiple ASDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiple ASDs were diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) or transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The occlusive condition and distance between 2 adjacent ASDs were measured by TTE examination. Then, the number and size of the occluder(s) was determined. TTE examinations were performed after transcatheter closure as follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The transcatheter procedure was successful in 15 patients with multiple ASDs, using a single occluder in 9 patients and 2 occluders in the remaining 6 patients. Overall, 21 ASD occluders were implanted. During a follow\u2010up period of 6 mo to 5 y, a slight residual shunt was found in 1 patient without any symptoms; a moderate residual shunt was identified at the inferior vena cava and the occluder was removed by surgery 1 mo after procedure. Other complications, including endocarditis, arrhythmia, thromboembolism, and atrioventricular valve damage were not recorded in any of the 15 patients during the follow\u2010up period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transcatheter closure of multiple ASDs is safe and efficient. Two occluders are necessary for the distance of 2 ASDs more than 7 mm, and a single occluder is sufficient for those 7 mm or less. Copyright \u00a9 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.20450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,19]],"date-time":"2009-03-19T12:47:42Z","timestamp":1237466862000},"page":"130-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Clinical Efficiency and Safety Analysis of Transcatheter Closure of Multiple Atrial Septal Defects in Adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Zhi\u2010Yuan","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guo\u2010Xiang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mao\u2010Qin","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hou\u2010Yuan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shi\u2010Fei","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo\u2010Li","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian\u2010Ping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010Hua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.38.3.453"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)01768-7","article-title":"Catheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus: 62 cases treated without thoracotomy","volume":"9","author":"Porstmann W","year":"1971","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"383","article-title":"Nonoperative closure of atrial septal defects","volume":"75","author":"King TD","year":"1974","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2506","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1976.03260490024013","article-title":"Secundum atrial septal defect. 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