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We used the cumulative incidence function to describe outcomes at 1 year by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content> status and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content> medication use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 35 603 patients with newly treated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>, 8965 (25.2%) had <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content> at baseline. Patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content> had greater comorbidity, including renal dysfunction. After adjustment for baseline covariates, patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content> had higher odds of initiation on insulin monotherapy (odds ratio: 1.72, 95% confidence interval: 1.59\u20101.87, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and lower odds of initiation on metformin (odds ratio: 0.66, 95% confidence interval: 0.62\u20100.71, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) compared with patients without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>. Cumulative incidence of 1\u2010year mortality was higher among patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content> than among those without (22.4% vs 6.4%) and highest among those prescribed insulin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content> were more likely to be initiated on insulin monotherapy than were patients without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>, who were more likely to be initiated on metformin. Studies of comparative effectiveness and safety are needed for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content> treatment options in patients with comorbid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.22603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,26]],"date-time":"2016-10-26T16:22:39Z","timestamp":1477498959000},"page":"38-45","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Management of newly treated diabetes in Medicare beneficiaries with and without heart failure"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Lauren B.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inova Heart and Vascular Institute  Falls Church Virginia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojuan","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Mentz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"},{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer B.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"},{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin J.","family":"Anstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian F.","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"},{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lesley H.","family":"Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"},{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"S4","volume-title":"Diabetes Care","author":"Standards of medical care in diabetes\u20142015: summary of revisions","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"S14","volume-title":"Diabetes Care","author":"Standards of medical care in diabetes\u20142014","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-2441"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0413"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000242"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2012.04.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000160417.39497.a9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000154542.13412.B1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.10.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.11.2983"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-0141"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60953-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.000162"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","unstructured":"Glucophage [package insert].Princeton NJ:Bristol\u2010Myers Squibb Company 2015.http:\/\/packageinserts.bms.com\/pi\/pi_glucophage_xr.pdf. 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