{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T23:39:17Z","timestamp":1783035557072,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,13]],"date-time":"2017-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1486944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Postgraduate Medical School, Warsaw, Poland","award":["501-1-10-14-11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["501-1-10-14-11"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE<\/jats:styled-content>) remains the gold standard for exclusion of left atrial appendage (LAA<\/jats:styled-content>) thrombus in patients scheduled for direct electrical cardioversion (DEC<\/jats:styled-content>) or atrial fibrillation (AF<\/jats:styled-content>) ablation. Recently, intracardiac echocardiography (ICE<\/jats:styled-content>) of the pulmonary artery (PA<\/jats:styled-content>) has been shown to provide excellent LAA<\/jats:styled-content> images and to be useful in verification of equivocal TEE<\/jats:styled-content> findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\nICE<\/jats:styled-content> of the PA<\/jats:styled-content> may have a role in detecting false\u2010positive TEE<\/jats:styled-content> results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Twenty\u2010one patients (12 male, age 65\u2009\u00b1\u20098 years, CHADS2VASC2<\/jats:styled-content> score [congestive heart failure, hypertension, age \u2265 75, age 65\u201074, diabetes mellitus, stroke\/TIA\/thrombo\u2010embolism, vascular disease, sex female]\u2009=\u20092.2; HAS\u2010BLED<\/jats:styled-content> score [hypertension, abnormal renal and liver function, stroke, bleeding, labile International Normalized Ratio, elderly, drugs or alcohol]\u2009=\u20091.1), in whom a thrombus in the LAA<\/jats:styled-content> was detected during TEE<\/jats:styled-content> before DEC<\/jats:styled-content> or AF<\/jats:styled-content> ablation, underwent ICE<\/jats:styled-content> of the PA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>On TEE<\/jats:styled-content>, in 7 (33%) patients, the LAA<\/jats:styled-content> thrombus was described as \u201csolid\u201d and in the remaining 14 (67%) as \u201csoft.\u201d Disagreement between the TEE<\/jats:styled-content> and ICE<\/jats:styled-content> (thrombus in TEE<\/jats:styled-content> and no thrombus in ICE<\/jats:styled-content>) was found in 9 (43%) patients. In the solid thrombus group, ICE<\/jats:styled-content> confirmed thrombi existence in 6 and excluded thrombi in 1 patient. In the soft thrombus group, ICE<\/jats:styled-content> confirmed thrombi in 6 patients and excluded thrombi in the remaining 8 patients. Of the demographic and clinical variables, only the longstanding persistent type of AF<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly associated with the presence of an LAA<\/jats:styled-content> thrombus detected both by TEE<\/jats:styled-content> and ICE<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>With TEE<\/jats:styled-content>, a false positive of an LAA<\/jats:styled-content> thrombus may be indicated, especially when a thrombus is described as soft rather than solid. Our study suggests that ICE<\/jats:styled-content> may be a valuable option for verification of a TEE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010based diagnosis of a thrombus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.22675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,13]],"date-time":"2017-02-13T15:43:17Z","timestamp":1487000597000},"page":"450-454","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Intracardiac echocardiography for verification for left atrial appendage thrombus presence detected by transesophageal echocardiography: the ActionICE II<\/scp> study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9652-5914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub","family":"Baran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Grochowski Hospital Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beata","family":"Zaborska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Grochowski Hospital Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Piotrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Grochowski Hospital Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Sikora\u2010Fr\u0105c","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Grochowski Hospital Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Pilichowska\u2010Paszkiet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Grochowski Hospital Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Ku\u0142akowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Grochowski Hospital Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/12.suppl_B.70"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-123-11-199512010-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2014.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.113.000504"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.12480"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8175.2012.01819.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-015-0008-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2014.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.010947"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.009487"}],"container-title":["Clinical Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fclc.22675","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/clc.22675","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T00:04:42Z","timestamp":1696637082000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/clc.22675"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,13]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/clc.22675"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/clc.22675","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-9289","1932-8737"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-9289","type":"print"},{"value":"1932-8737","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,13]]}}}