{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T10:28:41Z","timestamp":1779877721467,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,2]],"date-time":"2017-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008903","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOHW 104\u2010TDU\u2010B\u2010211\u2010113\u2010003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOHW 104\u2010TDU\u2010B\u2010211\u2010113\u2010003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008903","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Epicardial adipose tissue is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD<\/jats:styled-content>). Circulating endothelial progenitor cell (EPC<\/jats:styled-content>) level represents a marker of endothelial dysfunction and vascular health. However, the relationship between epicardial fat and circulating EPC<\/jats:styled-content> remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate association between echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness (EFT<\/jats:styled-content>) and circulating EPC<\/jats:styled-content> level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Hypothesis<\/jats:title>Epicardial fat causes inflammation and contributes to progression of CAD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We enrolled 213 consecutive patients with stable angina, and EFT<\/jats:styled-content> was determined by echocardiography. Quantification of EPC<\/jats:styled-content> markers (defined as CD34<\/jats:styled-content>\n+<\/jats:sup>, CD34<\/jats:styled-content>\n+<\/jats:sup>\nKDR<\/jats:styled-content>\n+<\/jats:sup>, CD34<\/jats:styled-content>\n+<\/jats:sup>\nKDR<\/jats:styled-content>\n+<\/jats:sup>\nCD133<\/jats:styled-content>\n+<\/jats:sup> cells) in peripheral blood samples was used to measure circulating EPCs<\/jats:styled-content>. All patients were divided into 3 tertiles according to EFT<\/jats:styled-content> levels: group 1, low tertile of EFT<\/jats:styled-content>; group 2, middle tertile of EFT<\/jats:styled-content>; and group 3, high tertile of EFT<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Among the 3 groups, CAD<\/jats:styled-content> disease severity determined by SXscore<\/jats:styled-content> was negatively correlated with EFT<\/jats:styled-content>, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (P<\/jats:italic> = 0.066). Additionally, patients in the high and middle tertiles of EFT<\/jats:styled-content> had higher circulating EPC<\/jats:styled-content> levels than did those in the low tertile of EFT<\/jats:styled-content> (P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001 and P<\/jats:italic> < 0.001, respectively). In multivariate analysis, EPC<\/jats:styled-content> level was significantly associated with echocardiographic EFT<\/jats:styled-content> (standardized \u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.233, P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001), independent of multiple covariates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Epicardial adipose tissue is associated with circulating EPC<\/jats:styled-content> levels. There was a trend between epicardial fat and severity of CAD<\/jats:styled-content>, though analysis did not reach statistical significance, and this may be attributed to the interaction between several risk factors of CAD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.22717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,2]],"date-time":"2017-05-02T17:37:44Z","timestamp":1493746664000},"page":"697-703","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Association between echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness and circulating endothelial progenitor cell level in patients with stable angina pectoris"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Ting\u2010Yung","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of 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Center National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruey\u2010Hsing","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8196-487X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsin\u2010Lei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chin\u2010Chou","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin\u2010Ban","family":"Leu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po\u2010Hsun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei 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