{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T07:12:11Z","timestamp":1782889931416,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81530013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81530013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81600243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81600243"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    An association among the use of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin\u2010receptor blockers (ARBs) with the clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) is unclear. PubMed, EMBASE, MedRxiv, and BioRxiv were searched for relevant studies that assessed the association between application of ACEI\/ARB and risk of COVID\u201019, inflammation level, severity COVID\u201019 infection, and death in patients with COVID\u201019. Ten studies were included with 13,944 patients. ACEI\/ARB therapy might be associated with the reduced inflammatory factor (interleukin\u20106) and elevated immune cells counts (CD3, CD8). Meta\u2010analysis showed no significant increase in the risk of COVID\u201019 infection (odds ratio [OR]: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.89\u20101.05) in patients receiving ACEI\/ARB therapy, and ACEI\/ARB therapy was associated with a decreased risk of severe COVID\u201019 (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.59\u20100.96,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.02) and mortality (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.37\u20100.87,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.009). Subgroup analyses showed among the general population, ACEI\/ARB therapy was not associated with reduced risks of severe COVID\u201019 infection (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.66\u20101.08,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.19) and all\u2010cause mortality (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.13\u20100.75), and COVID\u201019 infection (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.89\u20101.05,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.45) were not increased. Among patients with hypertension, the use of an ACEI\/ARB was associated with a non\u2010significant lower severity of COVID\u201019 (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.51\u20101.03,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.07) and significant lower mortality (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.37\u20100.87,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.009), without evidence of an increased risk of COVID\u201019 infection (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.90\u20101.12,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091.00). On the basis of the available evidence, ACEI\/ARB therapy should be continued in patients who are at risk for, or have COVID\u201019, either in general population or hypertension patients. Our results need to be interpreted with caution considering the potential for residual confounders, and more well\u2010designed studies that control the clinical confounders are necessary to confirm our findings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.23421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T08:30:21Z","timestamp":1596616221000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Association of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with risk of COVID\u201019, inflammation level, severity, and death in patients with COVID\u201019: A rapid systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5570-289X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of cardiovascular medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuyan","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of cardiovascular medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinmei","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of cardiovascular medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of cardiovascular medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianyong","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of cardiovascular medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhao","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of cardiovascular medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9416-0862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kui","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of cardiovascular medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02145"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2015.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00036.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa097"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"m810","article-title":"Preventing a covid\u201019 pandemic\u2013is there a magic bullet to save COVID\u201019 patients? 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