{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T14:13:08Z","timestamp":1775743988462,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is the most prevalent type of syncope and its management includes pharmacologic and non\u2010pharmacologic interventions. Recently, studies have investigated vitamin D levels in VVS patients. In this systematic review and meta\u2010analysis, we aim to review these studies to find possible associations between vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D levels with VVS. International databases including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase were searched with keywords related to \u201cvasovagal syncope\u201d and \u201cvitamin D.\u201d Studies were screened and the data were extracted from them. Random\u2010effect meta\u2010analysis was conducted to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for vitamin D levels in comparison to VVS patients and controls. Also, VVS occurrence was measured and the odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were calculated for comparison of vitamin D deficient cases and nondeficient individuals. Six studies were included with 954 cases investigated. Meta\u2010analysis showed that patients with VVS had significantly lower vitamin D serum levels in comparison to non\u2010VVS cases (SMD \u22121.05, 95% CI \u22121.54 to \u22120.57, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). Moreover, VVS occurrence was higher in vitamin\u00a0D\u2010deficient individuals (OR 5.43, 95% CI 2.40 to 12.27, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). Our findings which show lower vitamin D levels in VVS patients can have clinical implications in order for clinicians to pay attention to this when approaching VVS. Further randomized controlled trials are certainly warranted to assess the role of vitamin D supplementation in individuals with VVS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.24035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T04:11:01Z","timestamp":1684987861000},"page":"721-728","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Association between vitamin D deficiency and vasovagal syncope: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6138-1914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amirmohammad","family":"Khalaji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Non\u2013Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9955-4227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir Hossein","family":"Behnoush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Non\u2013Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masih","family":"Tajdini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran 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