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Ventricular pacing should thus, if possible, be avoided in patients with sinus node disease. The potential risk of impending high\u2013grade AV block during atrial pacing is low, with an annual incidence around 1% if patients are selected appropriately. Approximately 40\u201350% of patients with sinus node disease show signs of chronotropic incompentence during physical exercise, and are thus candidates for atrial rate responsive pacing. A preoperative evaluation of candidates for atrial pacing should include longterm Holter\/telemetry, exercise test, carotid sinus stimulation, and an electrophysiological study excluding significant AV conduction disturbances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960130108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,8]],"date-time":"2009-08-08T09:26:21Z","timestamp":1249723581000},"page":"43-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Atrial pacing for sick sinus syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Rosenqvist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"768","article-title":"Cardiac pacing in the world. 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