{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T05:21:50Z","timestamp":1698124910917},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,4]],"date-time":"2009-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6519,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We tested the safety and the usefulness of intravenous urokinase (2 million units administered over 30 min) in 44 patients with refractory unstable angina, defined as persistence of ischemic episodes during 48\u2010h Holter monitoring (Phase 1) despite maximal medical therapy. After thrombolysis, recurrence of ischemia was observed during a week of observation in the CCU, including two 24\u2010h Holter monitorings at the beginning and the end of the week (Phase 2). Seventeen patients completed the observation period without either symptomatic or asymptomatic ischemic episodes (Group A); the remaining 27 continued to manifest ischemia (Group B). No bleeding complications occurred. Within a 6\u2010month follow\u2010up, 2 patients of Group A had recurrence of unstable angina while in Group B, 19 patients had refractory angina or a major cardiac event [10 patients underwent coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) for refractory angina (p&gt;0.001), 6 other patients with refractory angina continued medical therapy, one patient had a myocardial infarction, and two patients died]. In Phase 1 the duration of total ischemia (min\/24 h) was a relevant prognostic marker: higher duration correlated with adverse clinical outcome (p&gt;0.01). In comparison to Phase 1, duration of total ischemia in Phase 2 was significantly reduced in both groups (16.9\u00b119.6 vs. 25.4\u00b117.7; p&gt;.001). A percent value expressing this variation was calculated for each patient: the variation thus obtained again gave information on the clinical outcome\u2014the greater the reduction, the lower the risk of cardiac events (p&gt;.001). Our data suggest that (1) clinical stabilization may be obtained with the addition of urokinase to conventional treatment, (2) Holter monitoring bears prognostic information helpful in identifying patients who need further intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960140404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,4]],"date-time":"2009-02-04T16:43:15Z","timestamp":1233765795000},"page":"297-304","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Thrombolytic therapy in refractory unstable angina: The role of holter 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