{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T16:37:55Z","timestamp":1781023075797,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,3]],"date-time":"2009-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3717,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prior to 1972, the increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that diabetics endure had been attributed to vascular disease. in 1972, Rubler <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic> proposed the existence of a diabetic cardiomyopathy based on their experience with four adult diabetic patients who suffered from congestive heart failure (CHF) in the absence of discernable coronary artery disease, valvular or congenital heart disease, hypertension, or alcoholism. Alternative explanations for CHF, such as anemia and vascular and renal disease in these four patients, gave rise to criticisms, but a wave of subsequent studies in the 1970s and 1980s provided credence to this new disease entity. This review of the studies done since 1972 appears to support the concept of a diabetic cardiomyopathy independent of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The exact mechanism is still questionable, and several mechanisms have been proposed including small and microvascular disease, autonomic dysfunction, metabolic derangements, and interstitial fibrosis. However, the weight of evidence leans toward the development of fibrosis, possibly caused by the accumulation of a peroxidase acid schiff (PAS)\u2010positive glycoprotein, leading to myocardial hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960211205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,4]],"date-time":"2009-02-04T02:16:21Z","timestamp":1233713781000},"page":"885-887","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Diabetic cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Kenneth S.","family":"Spector","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(72)90595-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(74)90089-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1974.03230510023016","article-title":"Diabetic cardiomyopathy","volume":"229","author":"Hamby RI","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108843"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"27","article-title":"A study of lesions of intramural coronary by branches in diabetes mellitus","volume":"70","author":"Blumenthal HT","year":"1960","journal-title":"Arch Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.25.1.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"1625","article-title":"Metaiodo\u2010benzylguanidine to map scintigraphically the adrenergic nervous system in man","volume":"28","author":"Sisson JC","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.9.4.389"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00019501-199201000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(75)90039-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.39.3.255"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.44.3.342"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6110.404"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a059591"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"323A","article-title":"The influence of moderate obesity on left ventricular diastolic function in hypertension: Role of glucose and insulin","volume":"42","author":"Avendano G","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.150.6.1167"}],"container-title":["Clinical Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fclc.4960211205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/clc.4960211205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]],"date-time":"2023-10-28T12:22:54Z","timestamp":1698495774000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/clc.4960211205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/clc.4960211205"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/clc.4960211205","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-9289","1932-8737"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-9289","type":"print"},{"value":"1932-8737","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]}}}