{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T06:17:57Z","timestamp":1784269077882,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,5]],"date-time":"2006-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1165276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":248,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic> The beneficial effects of spironolactone on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases are well known, but translating these benefits into private practice can be difficult because of the drug's side\u2010effect profile.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Hypothesis:<\/jats:italic> When patients are monitored over the long term, spironolactone can be used safely with an acceptable side\u2010effect profile.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> We retrospectively studied 762 patients taking spironolactone over a 7\u2010year period in a cardiologist's referral\u2010based practice and monitored them for side effects from the medication.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> Data were available on 762 patients. The average age of our patients when started on the medication was 67.2 \u00b10.5 years. Of these, 585 (76.8%) patients were treated for heart failure and 155 (20.3%) for hypertension. An average dose of 3 8.4 \u00b1 1.4 mg of spironolactone was used for treatment of all conditions. Of the 762 patients, 81 (10.6%) experienced side effects while using the medication; 40 had hyperkalemia (5.3%), 14 had gynecomastia (1.8%), and 15 had gastritis (2%). Of the patients with hyperkalemia, average creatinine clearance decreased from 64.6 \u00b15.8 ml\/min at therapy start to 50.3 \u00b15.5 ml\/min at the time of onset of side effects.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic> Spironolactone can be used with an acceptable side\u2010effect profile as long as patients are monitored long\u2010term while receiving the medication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960290405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,28]],"date-time":"2007-06-28T08:46:31Z","timestamp":1183020391000},"page":"149-153","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Use and side\u2010effect profile of spironolactone in a private cardiologist's practice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Eric M.","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard E.","family":"Katholi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcey R.","family":"Karambelas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909023411001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02694-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040135"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02695-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000180580"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra000050"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.82.5.1730"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000071081.35693.9A"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0910457"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"779","volume-title":"The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics","author":"Jackson E"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","unstructured":"G. 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