{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:38:08Z","timestamp":1786977488996,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]],"date-time":"2025-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Translational All"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In current clinical practice, primary diffuse chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is classified into two endotypes: type 2 and non\u2010type 2. Previous studies on sinonasal health\u2010related quality of life (HRQoL) in CRS have primarily focused on differences between phenotypes. This study aimed to compare HRQoL between the two endotypes in patients with CRSwNP.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>The type 2 endotype had a higher median nasal polyp score (NPS) than non\u2010types (4 and 2, respectively), but this difference did not reach significance. Loss of smell was associated with NPS, and facial pain\/pressure was inversely correlated with age. Age was significantly associated with loss of smell, but only in non\u2010type 2 CRSwNP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a prospective, monocentric study conducted between 2018 and 2023 on CRSwNP patients referred for surgery. Health\u2010related quality of life was assessed using the German standardized SNOT\u201020 questionnaire. Type 2 was defined according to the updated EPOS\/EUFOREA 2023 criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 122 patients with CRSwNP were included, 113 (92.6%) of whom were classified as type 2. Type 2 was associated with a significantly worse SNOT\u201020 German Adapted Version score. Two of the four cardinal symptoms of CRS\u2014loss of smell and rhinorrhea\u2014were significantly more severe and prevalent in the type 2 endotype, with loss of smell being very specific. The most prevalent symptom in both endotypes was nasal obstruction, with no difference between both endotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>The type 2 endotype had a higher median nasal polyp score (NPS) than non\u2010types (4 and 2, respectively), but this difference did not reach significance. Loss of smell was associated with NPS, and facial pain\/pressure was inversely correlated with age. Age was significantly associated with loss of smell, but only in non\u2010type 2 CRSwNP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Type 2 CRSwNP has a more severe impact on HRQoL compared with non\u2010type 2 CRSwNP. Hyposmia, rhinorrhea, and potentially NPS may offer endotypic and pathophysiological insights.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/clt2.70070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]],"date-time":"2025-05-31T12:44:29Z","timestamp":1748695469000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Quality of life in type 2 and non\u2010type 2 endotypes in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: A prospective trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3575-6775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stijn","family":"Bogaert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery St. Elisabeth\u2010Hospital Ruhr University Bochum  Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Rheindorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery St. Elisabeth\u2010Hospital Ruhr University Bochum  Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6240-1390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Dazert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery St. Elisabeth\u2010Hospital Ruhr University Bochum  Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6977-101X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Volkenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Johannes Wesling Medical Center Minden Ruhr University Bochum  Minden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6999-597X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Knipps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery St. Josef\u2010Hospital Witten\/Herdecke University  Hagen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas Jae\u2010Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery St. Josef\u2010Hospital Witten\/Herdecke University  Hagen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4374-9639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Pfaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Section of Rhinology and Allergy Philipps\u2010Universit\u00e4t Marburg University Hospital Marburg  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/rhin20.600"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino12.000"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.12.1324"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.04.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"194","article-title":"EPOS\/EUFOREA update on indication and evaluation of biologics in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps 2023","volume":"61","author":"Fokkens W","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13984"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818773065"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106\u2010005\u20101347\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405\u2010021\u201007019\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23671"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1945892420927244"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749\u20104486.2012.02527.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41533\u2010023\u201000330\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/brm.41.4.1149"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15650"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","article-title":"Mackay IS, others. 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