{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T02:34:13Z","timestamp":1791254053690,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,14]],"date-time":"2003-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1042502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hemidesmosomes mediate stable anchorage of epithelial cells to laminin\u20105 in the basement membrane zone and have been likened to spot\u2010welds. Indeed, it has been assumed that hemidesmosomes are not dynamic, at least when compared to other matrix adhesion sites including focal contacts. We tested this notion by monitoring the fate of green fluorescent protein (GFP)\u2010tagged human integrin \u03b24 subunit (GFP\u2010h\u03b24) and GFP\u2010tagged 180\u2010kD human bullous pemphigoid (BP) autoantigen (GFP\u2010BP180) in live cultures of 804G cells that assemble numerous mature hemidesmosomes. In subconfluent 804G cells, both GFP\u2010h\u03b24 and GFP\u2010BP180 protein clusters are not stable but assemble into and disassemble out of cat paw\u2013like arrays at a relatively rapid rate. In confluent populations of 804G cells, although some cat paw\u2013like clusters of both GFP\u2010h\u03b24 and GFP\u2010BP180 are stable over periods of &gt;60 min, other GFP\u2010h\u03b24 and GFP\u2010BP180 protein arrays form and\/or disappear during the same time period. Moreover, individual labeled particles show considerable motility in the plane of the membrane. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analyses provide a further indication of the dynamics of hemidesmosome proteins. In particular, bleached GFP\u2010h\u03b24 protein clusters in confluent cells recover signal within about 30 min, indicating that there is a relatively rapid turnover of hemidesmosome components in protein arrays clustered along the substratum attached surface of a cell. The rate of recovery is dependent on an intact microfilament system. In sharp contrast, bleached GFP\u2010BP180 protein clusters in confluent cells fail to recover signal even when observed for longer than 60 min. To evaluate hemidesmosome protein dynamics in motile cells, we monitored GFP\u2010h\u03b24 and GFP\u2010BP180 in 804G cells populating scrape wound sites in vitro. In these migratory cells, which lack mature hemidesmosomes, integrin \u03b24 subunit and BP180 protein clusters progressively assemble and disassemble into linear and cat\u2010paw arrays. In summary, hemidesmosome protein clusters, like their counterparts in focal contacts, are dynamic. We discuss these results in relation to hemidesmosome functions. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 54:122\u2013134, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.10089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,16]],"date-time":"2003-01-16T21:26:15Z","timestamp":1042752375000},"page":"122-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Hemidesmosome protein dynamics in live epithelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Tsuruta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan B.","family":"Hopkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan 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