{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T19:43:52Z","timestamp":1789587832076,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,23]],"date-time":"2001-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":998524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Synucleins are small, highly conserved proteins in vertebrates, especially abundant in neurons and typically enriched in presynaptic terminals. \u03b1\u2010Synuclein protein and a fragment of it, called NAC, have been found in association with pathological lesions of neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, mutations in a \u03b1\u2010synuclein gene have been reported in families susceptible to an inherited form of Parkinson's diseases. In addition, \u03b1\u2010synuclein has been implicated in the pathophysiology of other neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and multiple system atrophy. Far less is known about other members of the synuclein family, \u03b2\u2010 and \u03b3\u2010synucleins. \u03b3\u2010synuclein is up\u2010regulated in several types of cancer and may affect the integrity of the neurofilament network, while its bovine ortholog, synoretin, activates the Elk\u20101 signal transduction pathway. In this paper, we present data about the localization and properties of human and bovine \u03b3\u2010synuclein in several neuronal and non\u2010neuronal cell cultures derived from ocular tissues. We show that \u03b3\u2010synuclein is present in the perinuclear area and is localized to centrosomes in several types of human interphase cells and in bovine retinal pigment epithelium. In mitotic cells, \u03b3\u2010synuclein staining is localized to the poles of the spindle. Further, overexpression of synoretin in retinoblastoma cells up\u2010regulates MAPK and Elk\u20101. These results support the view that \u03b3\u2010synuclein is a centrosome protein that may be involved in signal transduction pathways. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 49:218\u2013228, 2001. \u00a9 2001 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.1035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T21:15:54Z","timestamp":1030310154000},"page":"218-228","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Gamma synuclein: Subcellular localization in neuronal and non\u2010neuronal cells and effect on signal transduction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Andrei","family":"Surguchov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert E.","family":"Palazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Surgucheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","series-title":"Current topics in 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