{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:22:45Z","timestamp":1790655765465,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]],"date-time":"2005-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6609,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Biochemical studies indicate that axonal tubulin is composed of at least two distinct pools that differ in cold solubility and biochmical composition [Brady et al: J. Cell Biol. 99:1716\u20131724]. To determine the morphologic correlate of cold\u2010insoluble tubulin, segemnts of rat optic nerves were exposed to a series of in vitro experimental conditions that affect microtubules (MTs), including cold, podophyllotoxin (PT), triflupromazine (TFP), and taxol, and then examined by electron microscopy. Longitudinal sections of control axons showed MTs oriented parallel to the long axis of the axons. Axond exposed to Cold, PT, and TFP showed short segments of MTs in association with cytoskeletal disarray. Morphometric studies were used to distinguish between a simple malorientation of MTs (undulation or zigzags in their course) and the loss of labile segments of MTs, leaving the stable portions behind. The lengths of MT segments were measured in longitudinal sections, and the numbers of MTs were determined in the cross sections. All MT segment\u2010length histograms showed a unimodal distribution. Cold and PT produced a simple shift of the control histogram to the shorter length MTs. In cross sections the numbers of MTs in cold\u2010 and PT\u2010exposed axons were significantly decreased, indicating that the presence of short segments of MTs. Taxol, an agent that promotes MT assembly, reversed the cold effect partially and resulted in increases in both MT segment lenght and number. These studies indicate that stable MT segments are portions of longer MTs containing both stable and labile regions. Furthermore, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that cold\u2010insoluble tubulin functions as a transportable MT\u2010organizing complex in the axon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.970080207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,24]],"date-time":"2005-02-24T04:12:35Z","timestamp":1109218355000},"page":"155-164","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Axonal tubulin and microtubules: Morphologic evidence for stable regions on axonal microtubules"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Zarife","family":"Sahenk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott T.","family":"Brady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.103.3.917"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"711a","article-title":"Monclonal antibody to tau factor localizes predominantly in axons","volume":"99","author":"Binder L. 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