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There are no vaccines or drugs available on the market for control or treatment of the disease in bovines. The peroxide artemisinin and its derivatives used clinically for treatment of malaria are active against <jats:italic>N.\u2005caninum<\/jats:italic> and other apicomplexan parasites. We have now evaluated the activities of the readily accessible and chemically robust 11\u2010azaartemisinin <jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold> and selected <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010sulfonyl derivatives prepared as described in the accompanying paper against <jats:italic>N.\u2005caninum<\/jats:italic> tachyzoites grown in infected human foreskin fibroblasts. Azaartemisinin elicited an IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> value of 150\u2005n<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>, and the 2\u2032,5\u2032\u2010dichloro\u20103\u2032\u2010thienylsulfonyl\u201011\u2010azaartemisinin <jats:bold>17<\/jats:bold> was found to be the most active, with an IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> value of 40\u2005n<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>. Comparison with normal human fetal lung fibroblasts HFLF WI\u201038 revealed relatively benign cytotoxicity. The compounds were also screened in\u2005vitro against TK\u201010 (renal), UACC\u201062 (melanoma) and MCF\u20107 (breast) cancer cell lines; overall, in line with activities against HFLF cells, most compounds in the series were found to be inactive.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201700600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,6]],"date-time":"2017-12-06T08:08:47Z","timestamp":1512547727000},"page":"2094-2098","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Activities of 11\u2010Azaartemisinin and <i>N<\/i>\u2010Sulfonyl Derivatives against <i>Neospora caninum<\/i> and Comparative Cytotoxicities"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Rozanne","family":"Harmse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences North-West University  Potchefstroom 2520 South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ho Ning","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences North-West University  Potchefstroom 2520 South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frans J.","family":"Smit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences North-West University  Potchefstroom 2520 South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Berne  L\u00e4nggass-Strasse 122 3012 Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Hemphill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Berne  L\u00e4nggass-Strasse 122 3012 Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David D.","family":"N'Da","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences North-West University  Potchefstroom 2520 South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard K.","family":"Haynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences North-West University  Potchefstroom 2520 South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1988.192.09.1269","volume":"192","author":"Dubey J. 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