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However, there is also evidence that gynecologic disorders\/diseases such as uterine fibroids and endometriosis are progesterone\u2010dependent. Steroidal and non\u2010steroidal selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs) have shown potential for the treatment of such diseases. Steroidal SPRMs, including mifepristone and ulipristal acetate, have proven effective in clinical trials. However, several steroidal SPRMs containing a dimethylamino substituent have been associated with elevated liver enzymes in patients. An earlier drug discovery program identified lonaprisan as a highly selective SPRM that did not show drug\u2010related change in liver enzyme activity. Building on data obtained from that work, here we describe the research program that culminated in the discovery of a novel steroidal SPRM, vilaprisan, which combines an extremely high potency with very favorable drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic properties. Vilaprisan has entered clinical development and is currently undergoing phase\u20053 clinical trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201800487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]],"date-time":"2018-11-08T10:23:15Z","timestamp":1541672595000},"page":"2271-2280","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Discovery of Vilaprisan (BAY 1002670): A Highly Potent and Selective Progesterone Receptor Modulator Optimized for Gynecologic Therapies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Carsten","family":"M\u00f6ller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer AG Market Access  13342 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilhelm","family":"Bone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer AG Pharmaceuticals R&amp;D  13342 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arwed","family":"Cleve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer AG Pharmaceuticals R&amp;D  13342 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Klar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retired, formerly at: Bayer AG Pharmaceuticals R&amp;D  13342 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Rotgeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer AG Pharmaceuticals R&amp;D  13342 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antje","family":"Rottmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer AG Pharmaceuticals R&amp;D  13342 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus\u2010Hillert","family":"Schultze\u2010Mosgau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer AG Pharmaceuticals R&amp;D  13342 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Wagenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer AG Pharmaceuticals R&amp;D  13342 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3128-2971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Schwede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer AG Pharmaceuticals R&amp;D  13342 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.17.4.469"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-128X(81)90039-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-1561"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2008.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","first-page":"859","volume":"8","author":"Orihuela P. 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