{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T12:01:38Z","timestamp":1775908898769,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemMedChem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The inflammatory cascade of acute kidney injury (AKI) is mainly mediated by TLR\u20104\/NF\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>\n                    B signaling pathway that ultimately leads to increased release of proinflammatory cytokines. This study aims to discover novel anti\u2010inflammatory candidates targeting proinflammatory cytokines in AKI. Ten novel coumarin\u2010ferulate cyclic conjugates (\n                    <jats:bold>1\u201310<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) are synthesized (by oxidative coupling of coumarin derivatives and ethyl ferulate) and characterized (mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy). All compounds are tested for cytotoxicity and proinflammatory cytokines inhibition properties using RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (Enzyme Linked Immuno\u2010Sorbent Assay). The compounds\n                    <jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>\n                    and\n                    <jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold>\n                    show excellent inhibition of TNF\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , IL\u20106, and IL\u20101\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    secretions and also inhibite IL\u20101\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    protein levels (western blot). Compounds\n                    <jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>\n                    and\n                    <jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold>\n                    are then evaluated (50\u2009mg kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    oral dose; C57BL\/6 mice) in an oxalate\u2010induced nephropathy model. Results show significant renal protection in compound\u2010treated animals, as evidenced by a significant decrease in the blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, IL\u20101\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    protein expression (western blot), and mRNA levels of TNF\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and IL\u20101\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    (real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction)). A decrease in the overall percentage of live immune cells and kidney resident macrophages in renal tissues is also observed (flow cytometry). Additionally, histopathological studies (H&amp;E staining) show a significant decrease in renal tissue damage (tubular injury index). This findings suggest that these new anti\u2010inflammatory conjugates have a strong renal protective effect.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.202500501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T19:45:52Z","timestamp":1761767152000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of New Coumarin\u2010Ferulate Cyclic Conjugates on Acute Kidney Injury (Oxalate Nephropathy): Synthesis, In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Suraj","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus  Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal Hyderabad Telangana 500078 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Venkatesh","family":"Erram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus  Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal Hyderabad Telangana 500078 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aparajita","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus  Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal Hyderabad Telangana 500078 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Onkar P.","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus  Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal Hyderabad Telangana 500078 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Araya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agriculture Meiji University  Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214\u20138571 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Fujimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agriculture Meiji University  Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214\u20138571 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1673-8873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sajeli A.","family":"Begum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus  Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal Hyderabad Telangana 500078 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11454"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"CDC Surveillance System: Trends in Incidence Rate of Acute Kidney Injury by Diagnosis Code can be found underhttps:\/\/nccd.cdc.gov\/CKD\/detail.aspx?Qnum=Q773(accessed: August 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