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Here, we aimed to develop an mRNA delivery vector for eukaryotic cells by fusing the CLP from\n                    <jats:italic>Myxococcus xanthus<\/jats:italic>\n                    encapsulin cargoes with a short peptide that binds to a complementary RNA aptamer, creating an encapsulin\u2010RNA adaptor peptide (ERAP). Additionally, we designed a chimeric mRNA (CmRNA) molecule for translation in eukaryotic cells, featuring an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in the 5\u2032\u2010UTR to enable cap\u2010independent translation. Downstream of the IRES, genes coding for model proteins were included. Finally, an aptamer that binds the Rev\u2010derived peptide was added to the 3\u2032\u2010UTR of the RNA molecule. The CmRNA, ERAP, and encapsulin were coexpressed in\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and it was demonstrated that the produced nanocompartments contained the ERAP and bacterial RNA. The RNA was reverse\u2010transcribed and identified by nested PCR, confirming that the encapsulin captured the CmRNA. qPCR analysis of encapsulin\u2010protected immunotherapeutic complexes (EPICs) demonstrated the loading of 2.9 CmRNA molecules per particle. These RNA\u2010loaded encapsulins were taken up by macrophage cells, and the expression of model proteins was confirmed. Finally, immunization of mice with these particles induced IgG antibodies against the model proteins.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.202501050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:54:06Z","timestamp":1781571246000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Encapsulin\u2010Protected Immunotherapeutic Complexes: Bacteria\u2010Derived Nanoparticles for mRNA Delivery to Eukaryotic Cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Carlos Francisco","family":"Coffeen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine National Autonomous University of Mexico  CDMX Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8162-5525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maribel","family":"Cayetano\u2010Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine National Autonomous University of Mexico  CDMX Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damaris","family":"Ilhuicatzi\u2010Alvarado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedicine Research Unit Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala National Autonomous University of Mexico  Tlalnepantla Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Embryology and Genetics Faculty of Medicine National Autonomous University of Mexico  CDMX Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2786-885X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leticia","family":"Moreno\u2010Fierros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedicine Research Unit Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala National Autonomous University of Mexico  Tlalnepantla Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3038-8141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ismael","family":"Bustos\u2010Jaimes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine National Autonomous University of Mexico  CDMX Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2016.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00171"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2016.59"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.99052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.12.9873-9880.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00487-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24097736"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2020.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2859-10-92"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.46070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-040320-102858"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b07669"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297923010042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"in Advances in Applied Microbiology","author":"Quinton A. 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