{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T03:37:36Z","timestamp":1775101056584,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,3]],"date-time":"2003-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1044230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>The rapid increase in the incidence of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast in the U.S. has been associated with the widespread adoption of screening mammography. Little is known regarding the incidence and treatment of DCIS in women of racial\/ethnic groups other than white and black. The current investigation examined recent trends and racial\/ethnic differences in the incidence and treatment of DCIS in California.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>All cases of DCIS diagnosed in women age \u2265 40 years in California between 1988\u20131999 were included. Age\u2010adjusted incidence rates for white, black, Hispanic, and Asian\u2010Pacific Islander women were calculated using the 2000 U.S. female population as the standard. The estimated annual percent change (EAPC) in the rates was calculated using least squares regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The average annual age\u2010adjusted incidence of DCIS (1988\u20131999) was 45.3 per 100,000 in white women, 35.0 in black women, 30.9 in Asian\u2010Pacific Islander women, and 21.8 in Hispanic women. Although a steady increase in the incidence of DCIS was noted in all racial\/ethnic groups over the study period, Asian\u2010Pacific Islander women were found to have experienced the steepest increase (EAPC = 9.1%), particularly in the age group 50\u201364 years (EAPC = 12.0%). The DCIS incidence was reported to increase with age in white, black, and Hispanic women, but remained fairly constant after the age of 50 years in Asian\u2010Pacific Islanders. The proportion of women with DCIS treated with mastectomy decreased from 53% in 1988 to 32% in 1999. Younger women and Asian\u2010Pacific Islander women reportedly were more likely to undergo mastectomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Considerable differences by race\/ethnicity and age were observed in DCIS incidence and the change in the incidence in California between 1988 and 1999. Further information is needed to determine whether these differences are because of differential utilization of screening mammography or biologic characteristics of DCIS lesions. Cancer 2003;97:1099\u2013106. \u00a9 2003 American Cancer Society.<\/jats:p><jats:p>DOI 10.1002\/cncr.11104<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,5]],"date-time":"2003-02-05T20:48:46Z","timestamp":1044478126000},"page":"1099-1106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Recent trends and racial\/ethnic differences in the incidence and treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast in California women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Kaire","family":"Innos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamela L.","family":"Horn\u2010Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03530360023033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930801)72:3<788::AID-CNCR2820720326>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(00)80212-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19920115)69:2<466::AID-CNCR2820690232>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(96)00371-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990301)85:5<1084::AID-CNCR11>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Breast cancer in California","author":"Snipes K","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","volume-title":"Racial\/ethnic patterns of cancer in the United States 1988\u20101992","author":"Miller B","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ctrv.1999.0149"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/erc.0.0080033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1997.01430300102020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"317","article-title":"Regional differences in the incidence and treatment of carcinoma in situ of the breast","volume":"5","author":"Choi WS","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/94.5.334"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","volume-title":"California Cancer Registry, August 2001 Submission","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","volume-title":"Cancer in California: 1988\u20101999","author":"Kwong SL","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3109783"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","volume-title":"Race\/ethnic population with age and sex detail, 1970\u20102040","author":"Department of Finance, State of California","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","volume-title":"Race\/ethnic population with age and sex detail, 1997","author":"Department of Finance, State of California","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","volume-title":"Race\/ethnic population with age and sex detail, 1998","author":"Department of Finance, State of California","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","volume-title":"SEER*Stat. Computer program","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","volume-title":"California Behavioral Risk Factor Survey datasets 1988\u20102000","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","volume-title":"California Behavioral Risk Factor Survey. SAS dataset documentation and technical report","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.81.4.462"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930201)71:3<769::AID-CNCR2820710320>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","first-page":"7","article-title":"Trends in breast cancer in younger women in contrast to older women","volume":"16","author":"Hankey B","year":"1994","journal-title":"Monogr Natl Cancer Inst."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)30269-1","article-title":"Increased use of mammography among Hispanic women: baseline results from the NCI Cooperative Group on Cancer Prevention in Hispanic Communities","volume":"12","author":"Kaplan RM","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01806001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Breast cancer in California","author":"Davis B","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.2001.0871"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.170.1.9423608"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","unstructured":"California Department of Health Services. Mammography screening among women aged 40 and older by income status and race\/ethnicity; California 1997. Data Points. Results from the 1997 California Women's Health Survey 1999;1:21. Available from URL:http:\/\/www.surveyresearchgroup.com\/UserFiles\/97dp2126.pdf[accessed June 18 2002]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/15.5.559"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.2930390315"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","volume-title":"Cancer Incidence in Chinese, Japanese and Filipinos in the US and Asia, 1988\u201092","author":"Prehn A","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(98)00045-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","first-page":"127","article-title":"Histological characteristics of breast carcinoma in Blacks and Whites","volume":"3","author":"Chen VW","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19950415)75:8<2103::AID-CNCR2820750813>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/85.14.1129"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19951001)76:7<1197::AID-CNCR2820760715>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-127-11-199712010-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.7.953"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.90.2.281"}],"container-title":["Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cncr.11104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T20:56:14Z","timestamp":1760302574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cncr.11104"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,3]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cncr.11104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.11104","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-543X","1097-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-543X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,3]]}}}