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Therapy must be individualized for each patient taking into consideration the histologic type, cytologic grade, location, number, prior history, and presence of atypia or carcinoma <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> in other areas of the bladder. Although the five\u2010year survival rates are good (62\u201388 percent), the 48\u201370 percent incidence of subsequent tumors requires constant surveillance. This high incidence is primarily due to the multifocal origin of urothelial tumors, but implantation of tumor cells following local resection may be a contributing factor. Current efforts to reduce this recurrence rate emphasize intravesical chemotherapy. Thio\u2010tepa and epodyl are effective in eradicating one\u2010third of tumors when used for definitive therapy. Most studies demonstrate a reduction in the recurrence rate when they are initiated following endoscopic resection of all visible tumor. A number of other drugs are being investigated for both definitive and prophylactic intravesical chemotherapy. Surgical procedures consist of transurethral resection, transvesical radium implantation, segmental cystectomy, and cystoprostatectomy. Each procedure has its own indications, and the surgeon must be discriminating in their use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.1980.45.s7.1856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]],"date-time":"2018-04-06T00:49:03Z","timestamp":1522975743000},"page":"1856-1865","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["The Management of Superficial Bladder Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"MARK S.","family":"SOLOWAY","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)63291-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"452","volume-title":"Les Tumeurs de Rein","author":"Albarran J.","year":"1903"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)63716-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)58916-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)58182-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365597209132090"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"2895","article-title":"Survival following transurethral resection of bladder carcinoma","volume":"37","author":"Barnes R. 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