{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:40:46Z","timestamp":1782175246258,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,22]],"date-time":"2004-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1079913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Breast conservative surgery (CS) with radiotherapy (RT) is the most commonly used treatment for early\u2010stage breast carcinoma. However, there is controversy regarding the importance of the pathologic margin status on the risk of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR). The current study evaluated the effect of the pathologic margin status on IBTR rates in a cohort of women with lymph node\u2010negative breast carcinoma treated with CS and RT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between August 1980 and December 1994, 452 women with pathologically lymph node\u2010negative breast carcinoma were treated with CS and RT at Westmead Hospital (Westmead, Australia). Central pathology review was performed for all women. The final margins were negative for 352 women (77.9%), positive (invasive and\/or in situ) for 42 women (9.3%), and indeterminate for 58 women (12.8%). Information regarding an extensive intraductal component (EIC), lymphovascular invasion, pathologic tumor size, histologic grade, and nuclear grade was available for most women. After macroscopic total excision of the tumor, all women received whole\u2010breast irradiation (usually 45\u201350.4 grays [Gy]) and the majority of women also received a local tumor bed boost (range, 8\u201330 Gy).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>After a median follow\u2010up of 80 months, 34 women (7.5%) developed an IBTR. The crude 5\u2010year rates of IBTR for women with negative margins, positive margins, and indeterminate margins were 3.1%, 11.9%, and 6.9%, respectively. For women with negative margins, the 5\u2010year and 10\u2010year actuarial rates of freedom from IBTR were 96% and 92%, respectively, compared with 88% and 75%, respectively, for women with positive margins (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.003). Univariate analysis demonstrated that the only factors associated with a significantly higher risk of IBTR were age at diagnosis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.050) and margin status (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.005). Multivariate analysis showed that both age and margin status were independent predictors of IBTR. None of 24 patients with an EIC and negative margins were found to have developed an IBTR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of the current study were comparable to other published reports and supported the association of higher IBTR rates with positive or indeterminate margins compared with negative, pathologic margins. Furthermore, young age (age &lt; 35 years at diagnosis) was associated with the highest risk of IBTR regardless of margin status. Cancer 2004. \u00a9 2004 American Cancer Society.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,15]],"date-time":"2004-04-15T11:09:43Z","timestamp":1082027383000},"page":"1823-1832","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":128,"title":["Effect of margins on ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence after breast conservation therapy for lymph node\u2010negative breast carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Carson","family":"Leong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Boyages","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Upali W.","family":"Jayasinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Bilous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Owen","family":"Ung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boon","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Salisbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela Y.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199511303332203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"15","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial to assess the value of breast\u2010conserving therapy in stage I and II breast cancer, EORTC 10801 trial","volume":"11","author":"van Dongen JA","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"19","article-title":"Danish randomized trial comparing breast conservation therapy with mastectomy: six years of life\u2010table analysis","volume":"11","author":"Blichert\u2010Toft M","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(89)90165-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198107023050102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"27","article-title":"Results of the National Cancer Institute Early Breast Cancer Trial","volume":"11","author":"Straus K","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(88)90008-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1994.01420330066013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(99)00112-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.8.1668"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1994.12.4.653"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(91)90772-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00519-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(90)90163-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1990.8.3.548"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19840301)53:5<1049::AID-CNCR2820530506>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1988.tb01020.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00229.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1997.tb01979.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","first-page":"185","article-title":"Nonparametric estimation for complete observations","volume":"135","author":"Kaplan EL","year":"1972","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc A."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4741.1998.420126.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198903303201302"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010874"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-5379(86)90011-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","first-page":"605","article-title":"Importance of margin status in outcome of breast\u2010conserving surgery or carcinoma","volume":"116","author":"Pittinger TP","year":"1994","journal-title":"Surgery."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(99)00553-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(94)90515-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(66)80066-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","first-page":"591","article-title":"Why are local recurrences after breast\u2010conserving therapy more frequent in younger patients?","volume":"8","author":"Kurtz JM","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(88)90086-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1992.10.6.976"}],"container-title":["Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcncr.20153","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cncr.20153","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T10:49:23Z","timestamp":1760266163000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cncr.20153"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,22]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cncr.20153"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.20153","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-543X","1097-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-543X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,22]]}}}